The transplanting of cotton in China began in late March and continued until May. Due to the slow recovery of temperature this spring, the frequency of cold waves is high, the intensity is high, and the coldness is heavy. In late March, the temperature is obviously lower by more than 2°C. In addition, the Yangtze River cotton area has more rain, and Xinjiang's heavy snowfall has a lower temperature, and therefore, more. We must grasp the key links of timely sowing and seedling management, and strive to achieve a complete broadcast of seedlings, strong seedlings, and early seizures, to win the cotton production.
First, Daejeon sowing key links
1, with enough seeds, the use of fine processed varieties. Based on the selection of the road variety, the general requirement for production is 50% of the seed amount. The finishing seeds generally cull out 30% of inferior seeds and contain insecticides and fungicides, which can prevent and treat seedling diseases and insect pests, and thus have the potential to broadcast a full seedling. Promote the use. Self-retaining seeds are required to be selected, and the wolfberry seeds, red seeds and not full seeds are removed, and the artificial sulfuric acid is used to remove fluff.
2, master the appropriate period of sowing. Cotton is a good light crop. Seed germination and emergence requires the soil temperature of 5 cm stable through 14 °C, and in the short term rose to 16 °C for the appropriate temperature sowing, production, please pay attention to the weather forecast, generally select the "cold tail warmer" sowing. Mulch cover and open sowing in the Mainland are generally in mid-April. The sowing season in the northwest is usually in the middle and middle of April. The soil temperature in the saline-alkali soil in northern North China has picked up slowly, and the coldness on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains has been heavy.
Advocate sowing after the appropriate sowing date.
3, increase the temperature. Film coverage can significantly increase the temperature, cultivating strong seedlings, and promoting early-onset hair growth. The live broadcast of Daejeon promotes wide film coverage in the northwest. In North China, it is recommended to sow after covering with the first film. The depth of the mulch film is more than 5cm deep, and the compaction is solid; the seedlings are placed in time, and the seedlings are prevented from burning at high temperature and the wind is uncovered. After seeding, seedlings were planted and seedlings were transplanted. 7 to 10 days after the general broadcast Qimiao, after checking the seedlings by plots, supplemented seedlings.
4. Strengthen seedling management. The live broadcast of Daejeon requires fine soil preparation and adequate planting. Plastic film covering, timely release seedlings, seedlings and Dingmiao. Low temperature should be more diligently cultivated, can increase the temperature.
5, do a good job of pest control. Blight, damping-off, and anthrax are the major diseases during the seedling stage. On the basis of seed coating, it is advocated with a half-bore of Bordeaux fluid. Ground tigers, snails, seedlings, and cotton thrips are the main pests in the seedling stage, and they are made of poison baits or phoxim by using trichlorfon to prevent and control pesticides.
Second, seedling transplanting seedling transplanting area accounts for about 45% of the country's cotton field area all year round, distributed in the Yangtze River Valley and Huanghuai Plain cotton area, has a good effect of increasing production.
Transplanting seedlings can be divided into light and simple methods such as nutrient solution and matrix.
(I) The key links in transplanting seedlings
1, choose a good bed site, fertilizer bed soil. Asked for a high-profile bedside location, sheltered from the sun, bed soil fertile and disease-free. Fertilizer bed soil, standard bed, width 1.2
Rice, not more than 15 meters long, digging a good ditch, drainage smooth.
2, medium carcass, enough quantity. According to the transplanting density, double the planting time. Before the planting, the carcass should be filled with water. Each plant should be seeded with 1 coat of cotton, covered with cool soil, and the thickness is appropriate. The carbendazim is used to disinfect and prevent disease.
3, timely sowing, broadcast all seedlings. Nutrient seedlings require ground temperature stability through 10 °C, sowing time: a ripening cotton field in early April, wheat in early April cotton, cotton in mid-April broadcast.
4, strengthen management, nurturing strong seedlings. Low-temperature seeding promotes double-film coverage of the seedbed. During the period of warming and cooling, the seedlings are not transplanted and the membrane does not leave the bed.
Move the seedlings and unroll the film before planting.
5, timely transplanting to ensure the density. In accordance with the planned density of ditching or burrowing planting, it is necessary to ensure that no pods are broken during transplanting, and that the roots and pods are not exposed and the pits are not covered. After planting, the roots should be poured to “set the root water†in order to shorten the period after planting.
(2) The key link of transplanting seedlings for matrix seedlings Substrates substrate for seedlings instead of nutrient cartridges. It has the advantages of high seedling seedling rate, high survival rate for transplanting, high yield, and provincial, provincial, provincial, and provincial strength. "The technical effect. This Law combines the use of nursery substrates, root-increase agents, and leaf-retaining agents in Changde, Hunan, Jingzhou, Xiantao, Hubei,
Hubei Longganhu Farm and Yunlianghu Farm, Jiujiang in Jiangxi Province, Anqing and Guzhen in Anhui Province, Sheyang in Jiangsu Province, Tanghe in Henan Province, Qiu County in Hebei Province, Jinxiang in Shandong Province and Wuqing in Tianjin have established bases for comprehensive seedlings and seedlings. Intensive, large-scale nursery. The main links are as follows:
1, manufacturing seedbed. The seedbed of seedlings per bed is 500 seedlings per square meter. Transplanting 1500 plants/mu requires a seedbed of 3 square meters and requires 2 bags of substrate. Use small sheds, vegetable greenhouses or factory-built greenhouses. Spread the agricultural film on the bottom of the seedbed. The seedling substrate is 10 cm thick, soot spacing is 10 cm, and the grain spacing is 1.8-2 cm.
2, timely sowing. According to the sowing time of transplanting seedlings during transplanting period, the appropriate transplanting seedling age should be controlled within 25 to 30 days, leaf age 2 to 3 true leaves, and seedling height 10 to
15 cm; large scale seedling transplanting needs to be divided in batches.
3, seedbed management to control the main. The seedlings to the cotyledon flat irrigation rooting agent once. The nursery period management is mainly controlled by temperature, water control and ventilation. About 7 days before the start of seedling emergence, the seedbed is no longer irrigated, and it is convenient for the seedlings to maintain suitable water content.
4, lifting. Spraying foliar protection before spraying can prevent wilting. Open one end of the bed and gently walk the seedlings to ensure that the cotton seedlings take away a large number of native roots. Each 30 to 50 strains are bundled into a small bundle and soaked in roots for 15 minutes with a "root-enhancing agent".
5, transplanting enough. At the end of the foot, the mouth is good, pouring enough "Angen water." Artificial ditching, drilling, or mechanized transplanting, the depth of the ditch or hole is appropriate, put the seedlings lightly suppress the cover, and timely pouring "Agen water" after planting.
Third, strengthen technical services
1, carry out technical training and tour guidance. Relying on the establishment of high-yield products and the "Jianqianmian" competition, the project will drive local cotton production, organize necessary site meetings and observe meetings to promote the application of new technologies. At present, it is the season for the preparation and planting of cotton. For this year's spring cold, we must grasp the timely planting, and strive to broadcast all seedlings. During planting seedlings, experts and technicians were organized to go deep into the field to conduct on-site inspections and to help farmers solve practical production problems.
2, improve response capacity. Since the spring weather is changeable, we must look at the seedlings to see the weather, listen to the weather forecast, take the initiative to grasp the climate change, and find a timely response.
First, Daejeon sowing key links
1, with enough seeds, the use of fine processed varieties. Based on the selection of the road variety, the general requirement for production is 50% of the seed amount. The finishing seeds generally cull out 30% of inferior seeds and contain insecticides and fungicides, which can prevent and treat seedling diseases and insect pests, and thus have the potential to broadcast a full seedling. Promote the use. Self-retaining seeds are required to be selected, and the wolfberry seeds, red seeds and not full seeds are removed, and the artificial sulfuric acid is used to remove fluff.
2, master the appropriate period of sowing. Cotton is a good light crop. Seed germination and emergence requires the soil temperature of 5 cm stable through 14 °C, and in the short term rose to 16 °C for the appropriate temperature sowing, production, please pay attention to the weather forecast, generally select the "cold tail warmer" sowing. Mulch cover and open sowing in the Mainland are generally in mid-April. The sowing season in the northwest is usually in the middle and middle of April. The soil temperature in the saline-alkali soil in northern North China has picked up slowly, and the coldness on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains has been heavy.
Advocate sowing after the appropriate sowing date.
3, increase the temperature. Film coverage can significantly increase the temperature, cultivating strong seedlings, and promoting early-onset hair growth. The live broadcast of Daejeon promotes wide film coverage in the northwest. In North China, it is recommended to sow after covering with the first film. The depth of the mulch film is more than 5cm deep, and the compaction is solid; the seedlings are placed in time, and the seedlings are prevented from burning at high temperature and the wind is uncovered. After seeding, seedlings were planted and seedlings were transplanted. 7 to 10 days after the general broadcast Qimiao, after checking the seedlings by plots, supplemented seedlings.
4. Strengthen seedling management. The live broadcast of Daejeon requires fine soil preparation and adequate planting. Plastic film covering, timely release seedlings, seedlings and Dingmiao. Low temperature should be more diligently cultivated, can increase the temperature.
5, do a good job of pest control. Blight, damping-off, and anthrax are the major diseases during the seedling stage. On the basis of seed coating, it is advocated with a half-bore of Bordeaux fluid. Ground tigers, snails, seedlings, and cotton thrips are the main pests in the seedling stage, and they are made of poison baits or phoxim by using trichlorfon to prevent and control pesticides.
Second, seedling transplanting seedling transplanting area accounts for about 45% of the country's cotton field area all year round, distributed in the Yangtze River Valley and Huanghuai Plain cotton area, has a good effect of increasing production.
Transplanting seedlings can be divided into light and simple methods such as nutrient solution and matrix.
(I) The key links in transplanting seedlings
1, choose a good bed site, fertilizer bed soil. Asked for a high-profile bedside location, sheltered from the sun, bed soil fertile and disease-free. Fertilizer bed soil, standard bed, width 1.2
Rice, not more than 15 meters long, digging a good ditch, drainage smooth.
2, medium carcass, enough quantity. According to the transplanting density, double the planting time. Before the planting, the carcass should be filled with water. Each plant should be seeded with 1 coat of cotton, covered with cool soil, and the thickness is appropriate. The carbendazim is used to disinfect and prevent disease.
3, timely sowing, broadcast all seedlings. Nutrient seedlings require ground temperature stability through 10 °C, sowing time: a ripening cotton field in early April, wheat in early April cotton, cotton in mid-April broadcast.
4, strengthen management, nurturing strong seedlings. Low-temperature seeding promotes double-film coverage of the seedbed. During the period of warming and cooling, the seedlings are not transplanted and the membrane does not leave the bed.
Move the seedlings and unroll the film before planting.
5, timely transplanting to ensure the density. In accordance with the planned density of ditching or burrowing planting, it is necessary to ensure that no pods are broken during transplanting, and that the roots and pods are not exposed and the pits are not covered. After planting, the roots should be poured to “set the root water†in order to shorten the period after planting.
(2) The key link of transplanting seedlings for matrix seedlings Substrates substrate for seedlings instead of nutrient cartridges. It has the advantages of high seedling seedling rate, high survival rate for transplanting, high yield, and provincial, provincial, provincial, and provincial strength. "The technical effect. This Law combines the use of nursery substrates, root-increase agents, and leaf-retaining agents in Changde, Hunan, Jingzhou, Xiantao, Hubei,
Hubei Longganhu Farm and Yunlianghu Farm, Jiujiang in Jiangxi Province, Anqing and Guzhen in Anhui Province, Sheyang in Jiangsu Province, Tanghe in Henan Province, Qiu County in Hebei Province, Jinxiang in Shandong Province and Wuqing in Tianjin have established bases for comprehensive seedlings and seedlings. Intensive, large-scale nursery. The main links are as follows:
1, manufacturing seedbed. The seedbed of seedlings per bed is 500 seedlings per square meter. Transplanting 1500 plants/mu requires a seedbed of 3 square meters and requires 2 bags of substrate. Use small sheds, vegetable greenhouses or factory-built greenhouses. Spread the agricultural film on the bottom of the seedbed. The seedling substrate is 10 cm thick, soot spacing is 10 cm, and the grain spacing is 1.8-2 cm.
2, timely sowing. According to the sowing time of transplanting seedlings during transplanting period, the appropriate transplanting seedling age should be controlled within 25 to 30 days, leaf age 2 to 3 true leaves, and seedling height 10 to
15 cm; large scale seedling transplanting needs to be divided in batches.
3, seedbed management to control the main. The seedlings to the cotyledon flat irrigation rooting agent once. The nursery period management is mainly controlled by temperature, water control and ventilation. About 7 days before the start of seedling emergence, the seedbed is no longer irrigated, and it is convenient for the seedlings to maintain suitable water content.
4, lifting. Spraying foliar protection before spraying can prevent wilting. Open one end of the bed and gently walk the seedlings to ensure that the cotton seedlings take away a large number of native roots. Each 30 to 50 strains are bundled into a small bundle and soaked in roots for 15 minutes with a "root-enhancing agent".
5, transplanting enough. At the end of the foot, the mouth is good, pouring enough "Angen water." Artificial ditching, drilling, or mechanized transplanting, the depth of the ditch or hole is appropriate, put the seedlings lightly suppress the cover, and timely pouring "Agen water" after planting.
Third, strengthen technical services
1, carry out technical training and tour guidance. Relying on the establishment of high-yield products and the "Jianqianmian" competition, the project will drive local cotton production, organize necessary site meetings and observe meetings to promote the application of new technologies. At present, it is the season for the preparation and planting of cotton. For this year's spring cold, we must grasp the timely planting, and strive to broadcast all seedlings. During planting seedlings, experts and technicians were organized to go deep into the field to conduct on-site inspections and to help farmers solve practical production problems.
2, improve response capacity. Since the spring weather is changeable, we must look at the seedlings to see the weather, listen to the weather forecast, take the initiative to grasp the climate change, and find a timely response.
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