The potato beetle, also known as potato leaf beetle, is a type of quarantine pest in China. This insect originally lived on the wild solanaceous plant in the eastern part of the Rocky Mountains in the western United States. Because artificially bred potatoes can provide good nutrition for this beetle, potato is widely grown and transported throughout the world. Beetles have gradually become an internationally recognized important quarantine target. In China, it was discovered for the first time in Ili Prefecture in Xinjiang in 1993. Although it is still controlled in some regions of Xinjiang, it is suitable for a wide area in the country. All localities must strengthen monitoring, make early detections, and strictly prevent and control them.
The potato beetles are better identified. The adults are short ovoid, 9.0 to 11.5 mm long. The overall color is light yellow or yellow-brown. Each of the elytra wings has five black streaks longitudinally, and the dorsal plate has dozens of dark spots. The two largest are "U" or "V" shaped. The larvae are dark brown to orange in color, with two rows of large, dark-colored bone pieces on either side. The abdomen expands and bulges. The fourth-instar larvae are about 15 mm long. The egg mass is produced on the back of the leaf, long oval, yellowish or dark orange.
Potato beetles occur one to four generations a year. A notable feature is its long lifespan, which can reach an average of 1 year. It can survive winters in the soil, endure hunger, migrate up to 1,000 meters in the wind, and hide in seed potatoes, agricultural products, seeds, seedlings, and packaging. Materials are transported by aircraft, ships, trains, cars and other transportation vehicles over long distances. Field surveys should be sunny and not in the morning and evening.
Another feature of potato beetles is that they eat potatoes, tomatoes, eggplants, tobacco and other important crops. Its adults and larvae eat potato leaves or the tops of the potatoes. They breed quickly and eat a lot. They often bite the leaves into nicks and even eat up.
The current emphasis on the control of potato beetles is to strictly implement procedures for transport and quarantine inspections and strictly control the prevention of potato tuber and live plants in affected areas. The other Solanaceae host plants and packaging materials from the affected area were quarantined and disinfested in accordance with the regulations. For the potato beetle suitable areas to strengthen the monitoring of the epidemic and improve the system. In areas that have already occurred, comprehensive prevention and control measures including autumn and winter irrigation, non-sweet potato vegetables, crop rotation, artificial killing, and chemical control shall be implemented. The use of chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin as agents for the prevention and control of pesticides, such as 25% cyhalothrin (Kung Fu) 30 grams per acre, 2.5% deltamethrin (killed) 20-30 grams per acre water spray. Since potato beetles are susceptible to organophosphorus and pyrethroid insecticides, fipronil (Frigernet), acetamiprid, imidacloprid, and Bacillus thuringiensis can be used interchangeably.
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