The cut flowerbed is an improvement made on the basis of the cold bed. In addition to the use of solar radiant heat, the hotbed needs artificial heating to maintain a certain temperature. The construction of a hotbed should be in a location with high dryness, good drainage, low groundwater level, sunny leeward, and no tall trees or sheltered sunlight on the south side. According to the level of groundwater level, the use of underground, semi-underground or above ground. According to the different sources of heating energy, it can be divided into 7 kinds of heating hotbed, electric heating hotbed, hot hotbed and so on. The most common one is the brewing hotbed and the electric hotbed. 1. Brewing hotbeds: The use of bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes and other aerobic microorganisms activities, decomposing heating materials to release heat energy to improve the temperature of the hotbed. The aerobic microbial activity is related to many factors, such as the ratio of the main components of the brewing material (also known as the ratio of carbon to nitrogen), the content of air and moisture inside the brewing material, and the bottom temperature of the brewing material. In the case of suitable air and moisture conditions, the composition of the heating material is the main factor affecting the duration of heating of the heating material and the temperature. Generally, the carbon/nitrogen ratio of general brewing matter is greater than 30, so the calorific value is small and the heating time is long; if the carbon/nitrogen ratio of the galite is less than 20, the calorific value is large but the duration is short; therefore, the carbon of the brewing material The nitrogen ratio should be set between 20 and 30. When the hotbed is produced, it should be the lowest in the south and the second in the north, and the highest in the middle. This is due to the fact that at the bed frame on the south side, due to the sunshade of the bed frame, the temperature closer to the south frame bed is The lower the bed, the northern part of the bed is full of sunlight, and due to the reflective effect of the north side window frame, the soil temperature in this part is the highest, and the soil temperature near the north side of the bed frame is slightly lower. According to the characteristics of the greenhouse distribution in the hotbed, in order to make the temperature distribution of the bed soil in the entire hotbed even, it is necessary to increase the amount of heating material in the low soil temperature to increase the thermal energy; on the contrary, where the soil is high in humidity, the heating material should be reduced appropriately. Quantity. The landfill thickness of the brewing material should be determined by the local temperature, generally 15 to 25 cm in the south and 30 to 50 cm in the north. The brewing material should be fully mixed before landfilling to prevent uneven heat generation and layered landfilling to maintain a certain degree of compaction and moisture content. The suitable moisture content is 70% to 75%. For example, if the hot stuff is buried too tightly and the water content is too high, it will cause an oxygen deficiency inside the mash, affecting the activity of aerobic microorganisms, affecting the normal fermentation of the mash, and making the bed temperature rise slowly; Buried loose, its internal oxygen is sufficient, microbial activity is strong, warming fast, not only the temperature duration is short, and with the brewing material rot, resulting in uneven bed surface; if the brewing material content is insufficient, fermentation is not complete, then Bed soil temperature rises slowly. 2. Heater heating. The special electric heating wire is laid in the soil to increase the ground temperature, which is easy to install and withdraw, and has high thermal efficiency. The use of temperature control can be more accurate temperature control, used for seedbeds, especially found in cutting beds such as carnations; but the power consumption is large, and the service life of the electric hotline is short; the specifications of the electric heating line are more, common is each The root is 60～160m long and 400～1100W; the electric heating wire is laid at a depth of 10cm below the ground, the line interval is 12～18cm, the middle can be thinner, and the edge should be denser; 80～110W per square meter of electricity is laid in the greenhouse south of the Yangtze River in winter Hotline, can increase the temperature of 15 ~ 25 °C. 3. Hot air heating. There are hot air furnaces (coal, fuel, electric stove) and steam heating two. The hot blast stove is suitable for greenhouses, and the steam heating is mostly used for greenhouses with concentrated heating. The hot blast stove has short pipelines, short warm-up time, rapid heating, and thermal efficiency as high as 70% to 80%; therefore, hot air heating of greenhouses is widely used, for example, 75% of Japan's heated greenhouse is heated by hot air. Ordinary hot blast stoves are small, simple, and inexpensive; if hot blast stoves are installed in greenhouses, they should be replenished with fresh indoor air, but the duration of hot blast stove heating is short. Once the heating stops due to failure, the interior temperature will be sharpened. decline. 4. Hot water heating. Multi-purpose boilers heat hot water, pipes are sent out, and they circulate back and forth. With good thermal stability, uniform temperature distribution, safe and reliable use, and large heating capacity, it is often used in large and medium-sized greenhouses. The biggest advantage is the unexpected shutdown, the residual heat can maintain room temperature for a period of time. Hot water heating is the only way to warm up the hot air after the greenhouse and greenhouse heating facilities in the world. 5. Heat the stove. The use of underground furnaces or iron stoves, firewood, coal, etc., through a flue or direct open flame heating, has the characteristics of cheap fuel, simple equipment, and easy installation. The heating of the stove is mainly used for the short-term heating of greenhouse greenhouses; but the operation is more laborious, and the temperature is not easy to control, especially the open flame heating can also produce harmful gases 6. Steam heating. The use of boilers to produce steam and piped into the greenhouse, the heat is 2 times the water temperature, often used in greenhouse greenhouse heating in larger areas, but the equipment costs are higher. 7. Waste heat and geothermal heating. Waste heat refers to the use of waste water and waste steam from industrial and mining companies such as power plants, oil refineries, chemical plants, etc. Greenhouse greenhouses use waste heat to save energy, have good economic benefits, and should be used as much as possible. Where there are geothermal (hot spring) conditions, geothermal heating can be used to warm greenhouses in greenhouses; it is also possible to use manure, rice straw, branches and leaves buried in the soil to promote heat production by fermentation.