You can avoid walnuts that rot every year

In late August each year, when farmers who grow walnuts harvest walnuts, they often find that their walnuts have turned black and decayed, and they have fallen to the ground. They suffer heavy losses. In the end, what causes walnuts to appear in the time of harvest? A lot of black rot? After two consecutive years of investigations, the author found that walnuts are a large number of rot and fruit drop caused by walnut anthrax. To this end, the author conducted a control trial, which is now summarized as follows for the majority of walnut growers.

Walnut anthracnose is one of the major diseases of walnut, which not only harms the fruit but also damages the bud and tender shoot. The incidence rate of diseased plants is generally 20%-30%, and disease severity can reach 80%. Often causes the fruit to turn black and rot and falls early, the nucleolus dries up, not only reduces the output, but also greatly reduces the commodity value, causes the grower to lose greatly.

Harmful walnut symptoms

Walnut anthracnose generally begins to appear on July 20th after each year to harm the symptoms of the fruit. After the victim suffers, the skin will appear brown to dark brown, round or near-circular lesions, the central depression, the disease department has black dots, sometimes arranged in a circle. When the humidity is high, the pink spot appears on the small spot, that is, the spore plate and conidia of the pathogen. When the disease is heavy, a diseased fruit often has multiple lesions. After the lesions are enlarged and contiguous, the whole fruit turns dark, the rot decays into the inner skin, and the nucleoli has no food value. When the disease is light, the outer shell part of the nucleocapsid or nucleolus becomes dark, which reduces the oil yield and nucleolus yield, or the lesion is limited to the outer skin when the fruit matures, and has little effect on the walnut. After the leaves were infected, the lesions were irregular. Some were yellowish along the edge of the edge, and some were yellowish on both sides of the main vein. When severe, the whole leaf is brown and shedding. After the buds and twigs of nursery stocks and saplings are affected, they often wither from the top and the leaves are burnt off.

Incidence of anthrax

Walnut anthrax is caused by the fungus's Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. The pathogens overwintered on diseased shoots and buds in the form of mycelium and became the source of infection at the beginning of the year. The pathogenic conidia are transmitted by wind, rain and insects, invade the wound and natural orifices, and can be re-infected several times. The onset and severity of onset are closely related to high temperature and high humidity. Rainwater is early and many, humidity is high, and the onset is early and heavy. Small plant spacing, poor ventilation and light transmission, and heavy onset. Severity of morbidity has a lot to do with variety. Early shell walnuts are susceptible to disease and walnuts are resistant to disease.

Prevention

(1) Remove the sick and diseased branches and leaves in time, concentrate burning and reduce the source of the disease.

(2) Strengthen management and rational fertilization, pay attention to increase organic manure fertilizer, strengthen pruning work, improve ventilation and light conditions in the park, in order to facilitate control of disease occurrence.

(3) Remove the diseased fruit timely and spray 2-3 times with 80% tebuconazole 4000 times, 10% difenoconazole 3000 times, and 80% mancozeb 800 times. Onset of heavy orchards, can be sprayed with 2% of Ningnanmycin 500 times, and alternating with 10% difenoconazole 3000 times. In general, 600 times of copper acetate is sprayed before germination. Spraying with the above-mentioned agent before onset of flowering has better control effect.

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