I. Characteristics and popularization of summer sowing cotton The summer sowing cotton in Huang-Huai cotton district is generally selected from short-season cotton varieties. The general growth period is less than 110 days, the plant height is 70-80 cm, and the plants are compact and the fruiting branches are low. The general position is 4 to 5, short fruit branches, concentrated bolls, and short boll period. The boll weight is generally about 5 grams, and the flower rate before frost is relatively low, generally about 60%. At present, the main promotion varieties include Zhongmian 50, Zhongmian 74, Zhongmian 36, Lumianyan 19 and so on.
Second, the cultivation of summer sowing cotton points
1. Planting patterns The planting patterns of summer cotton mainly include the cultivation of wheat and cotton with two ripenings, two cooking with oil (vegetables), and two ripening cultivation with vegetable cotton (such as cabbage). It can be interplanted, or it can be broadcast live after it.
2. Appropriate sowing time generally refers to cotton sown after the small full summer cotton, wheat after the live broadcast should choose early maturing varieties of wheat, wheat grabbed after the close grab, the latest no later than June 10.
3. Planting method for all-seeding seedlings Summer cotton sowing has high temperatures and large evaporation, so it is difficult to maintain seedlings for conventional seeding. According to many years of practical experience, the use of “water pressure seeds†in summer cotton is the best way to plant whole seedlings. The so-called "water pressure seed" is the first watering after sowing. The wheat field with three dense and one sparse planting forms can be planted in wide rows before harvesting. The full-scale wheat field can be used for plug seeding and the wheat (vegetable) can be broadcasted immediately after being broadcast live. Watering after sowing. The main points of “water pressure seed†are: the seeding should be shallow and the amount of watering should be large and sufficient. Generally 5 days after watering, the whole seedlings can be produced. In order to prevent late ripening, it is also possible to adopt a planting method such as spring cotton-like mulching on live wheat. The adoption of the first cover film and the on-demand planting form will help protect the cotton field, early-onset and early-maturing, and increase the yield and quality.
4. Appropriate dense planting of summer cotton mainly depends on the density of high yield, generally about 5000 seedlings per mu, and 7 to 8 fruit branches per plant. The density of seedlings with high density and early topping can be up to 6,000, leaving 6 to 7 fruit branches per plant. Density should be determined by soil strength, proper fertility and sparse planting, and proper planting of poor fertility.
5. Earlier extermination of cockroaches, early harvesting of wheat after harvest, early eradication of cocoon cultivator, or use of herbicides to control weed hazards. Summer cotton due to interplanting and cropping, generally not enough time to apply base fertilizer, so early fertilizer, combined with stubble cultivator Mushi diammonium 20 kg, potassium fertilizer 10 to 15 kg, boron, zinc fertilizer 0.5 to 1 kg. In order to prevent leggy, budding is generally no longer top-dressing. In the flowering and boll period, it is necessary to chase a flower and bell fertilizer once. Due to the short growing period of summer cotton, flower and bell fertilizer should be re-introduced to the early flowering stage in advance, and generally mu recovers 15~20 kg of urea. To promote precocity and prevent late-maturing lust, summer cotton is generally no longer applied top fertilizer, and later is not suitable for watering, can be sprayed 2 to 3 times phosphorus and potassium fertilizers.
6. Timely control of summer cotton in order to prevent prosperous growth, pay attention to early cultivator, multi-middle cultivator, and deep cultivator at the bud stage, and timely improve the chemical control. The first chemical control should be carried out during the period of budding budding. Generally, 0.5 to 1 g of polydaclodol is used in the mu, and the second is in the early flowering period, and 1 to 2 g of dildodomide is used in the mu, and the third is in the blooming period. Mu with 2 ~ 3 grams of dildochloramine, the fourth in the topping, the use of 4 ~ 6 grams of dildodomide, but in the spirit of looking at the sky, seeing the ground, see the seedlings and a small number of times the principle.
7. Do a good job ripening summer cotton general frost pre-flowering rate is low, timely artificial ripening. One is ethephon ripening, generally conducted in October 5 to 10, with 4 to 6 acres of ethephon. The second is to pull dry ripening, should be after October 10, when the average temperature is lower than 15 °C when the dehydrated ripening, not only affect the yield and seed wheat, but also improve the quality of cotton.
Second, the cultivation of summer sowing cotton points
1. Planting patterns The planting patterns of summer cotton mainly include the cultivation of wheat and cotton with two ripenings, two cooking with oil (vegetables), and two ripening cultivation with vegetable cotton (such as cabbage). It can be interplanted, or it can be broadcast live after it.
2. Appropriate sowing time generally refers to cotton sown after the small full summer cotton, wheat after the live broadcast should choose early maturing varieties of wheat, wheat grabbed after the close grab, the latest no later than June 10.
3. Planting method for all-seeding seedlings Summer cotton sowing has high temperatures and large evaporation, so it is difficult to maintain seedlings for conventional seeding. According to many years of practical experience, the use of “water pressure seeds†in summer cotton is the best way to plant whole seedlings. The so-called "water pressure seed" is the first watering after sowing. The wheat field with three dense and one sparse planting forms can be planted in wide rows before harvesting. The full-scale wheat field can be used for plug seeding and the wheat (vegetable) can be broadcasted immediately after being broadcast live. Watering after sowing. The main points of “water pressure seed†are: the seeding should be shallow and the amount of watering should be large and sufficient. Generally 5 days after watering, the whole seedlings can be produced. In order to prevent late ripening, it is also possible to adopt a planting method such as spring cotton-like mulching on live wheat. The adoption of the first cover film and the on-demand planting form will help protect the cotton field, early-onset and early-maturing, and increase the yield and quality.
4. Appropriate dense planting of summer cotton mainly depends on the density of high yield, generally about 5000 seedlings per mu, and 7 to 8 fruit branches per plant. The density of seedlings with high density and early topping can be up to 6,000, leaving 6 to 7 fruit branches per plant. Density should be determined by soil strength, proper fertility and sparse planting, and proper planting of poor fertility.
5. Earlier extermination of cockroaches, early harvesting of wheat after harvest, early eradication of cocoon cultivator, or use of herbicides to control weed hazards. Summer cotton due to interplanting and cropping, generally not enough time to apply base fertilizer, so early fertilizer, combined with stubble cultivator Mushi diammonium 20 kg, potassium fertilizer 10 to 15 kg, boron, zinc fertilizer 0.5 to 1 kg. In order to prevent leggy, budding is generally no longer top-dressing. In the flowering and boll period, it is necessary to chase a flower and bell fertilizer once. Due to the short growing period of summer cotton, flower and bell fertilizer should be re-introduced to the early flowering stage in advance, and generally mu recovers 15~20 kg of urea. To promote precocity and prevent late-maturing lust, summer cotton is generally no longer applied top fertilizer, and later is not suitable for watering, can be sprayed 2 to 3 times phosphorus and potassium fertilizers.
6. Timely control of summer cotton in order to prevent prosperous growth, pay attention to early cultivator, multi-middle cultivator, and deep cultivator at the bud stage, and timely improve the chemical control. The first chemical control should be carried out during the period of budding budding. Generally, 0.5 to 1 g of polydaclodol is used in the mu, and the second is in the early flowering period, and 1 to 2 g of dildodomide is used in the mu, and the third is in the blooming period. Mu with 2 ~ 3 grams of dildochloramine, the fourth in the topping, the use of 4 ~ 6 grams of dildodomide, but in the spirit of looking at the sky, seeing the ground, see the seedlings and a small number of times the principle.
7. Do a good job ripening summer cotton general frost pre-flowering rate is low, timely artificial ripening. One is ethephon ripening, generally conducted in October 5 to 10, with 4 to 6 acres of ethephon. The second is to pull dry ripening, should be after October 10, when the average temperature is lower than 15 °C when the dehydrated ripening, not only affect the yield and seed wheat, but also improve the quality of cotton.
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