In terms of production, sow reproductive failure is mainly manifested in sows infertility, early fetal dissolution, miscarriage, stillbirth, low birth rate, weak production and mummification, resulting in decreased sow reproductive rate, piglet survival rate, serious economic losses, direct impact The economics of the farm. According to reports, in some large-scale pig farms in China, the reproduction rate caused by sow breeding obstacles is reduced by as much as 20% to 30%, and the rate of decline of the first-born sows is even higher. Therefore, how to effectively solve the problem of sow reproductive obstacles has become the top priority of pig production.
The causes of sow reproductive disorders are complex, including infectious and non-infectious factors. Infectious factors mainly include viral diseases, bacterial diseases, and parasitic diseases, which are mainly used for timely prevention through relevant vaccine immunization and scientific immunization programs. Non-infectious factors mainly include environmental factors, nutritional factors, mycotoxins, genetic factors, drug factors, and management errors. These factors contribute to the high incidence of sow reproductive problems, and the harm to the pig farm cannot be ignored. We mainly introduce the reproductive factors that affect environmental factors. These factors can be avoided by taking the necessary measures in current production.
1 The environment of the pig house directly affects the reproductive performance of the sow. Especially in the summer, the sow house did not adopt measures to prevent heatstroke, and the excessively high ambient temperature caused heat stress, which could easily lead to endocrine disorders in the sow, resulting in irregular sows in the estrus, or oestrus, and may cause sow embryo death in sows. Stillbirth or abortion When the temperature is above 32°C, the return rate of sows is 19.7%.
2 Poor ventilation, high stocking density, air pollution, etc. of the sow house also affect the reproductive performance of the sow, causing the sows to have irregular estrus, reduced fertility rates, decreased litter size after mating, and increased stillbirth. Air pollution, when ammonia, methane, hydrogen sulfide and other toxic gases increase, sows can be abnormal estrus, mating after pregnancy, less litter size, stillbirth and more.
3 Toxins. In particular, the mycotoxins F2 and T2 in the feed can cause false estrus in the sow, even if the real estrus, mating infertility, pregnant pigs abortion stillbirth.
4 Poisonous chemicals, pesticides, gossypol poisoning, and sows suffering from heavier diseases can cause miscarriage and stillbirth. In particular, reproductive disorders such as infertility and abortion caused by endometritis and low birth weight (endocrine endometrium) have become a major disease in non-infectious sows.
The environmental factors in the 5 pen homes are also important factors affecting the pig production. Dark, wet, poor sanitation, lack of light, lack of playgrounds, ambient environment such as noise interference, air pollution and other factors can cause the sows not to be estrus.
6 Poor sanitary conditions in sow buildings, especially in the delivery room and gestational homes, can easily cause sow uterine inflammation and lead to decreased reproductive performance of sows.
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