First, base fertilizer. The principle of fertilization for spring maize is based on basal fertilizer, supplemented by topdressing; farmyard manure is dominant and chemical fertilizer is supplement; nitrogen fertilizer is dominant, and phosphate fertilizer is supplement; panicle fertilizer is dominant and grain fertilizer is supplemented. Basal fertilizer should generally account for about 70% of the total amount of fertilizers. Most of the phosphate fertilizers should also be applied in combination with basal fertilizers. Generally, the combined use of autumn ploughing is applied in the first year. When basal fertilizer is applied, it should be uniformly mixed with the soil. If nitrogen fertilizer is used as base fertilizer, 25 kg of ammonium bicarbonate or 10 kg of urea can be applied per mu. Be sure to deepen it to prevent loss of nitrogen volatilization. In phosphorus-deficient soils, 30-40 kg of superphosphate is applied per acre; in potassium-depleted soil, 10 kg of potassium chloride per acre is applied; in zinc-deficient soil, 1 kg of zinc sulfate per 7 water is applied.
Second, fertilizer. Before spring sowing, a small amount of farmyard manure is used to match the appropriate amount of nitrogen and phosphatized fertilizer and applied or used as corn seed fertilizer.
Third, top dressing. Corn top dressing is an important measure for the cultivation of high yield corn. Due to the long growth period of spring maize, slow growth at seedling stage, and low absorption of nutrients, the top-dressing methods of spring corn are often applied with “before light and heavy†fertilization. That is, 1/3 of top dressing is applied before jointing of corn. Urea 5~10 kg, 2/3 of topdressing applied in big bell mouth, 10~20 kg of urea topdressed per mu, to meet the needs of nutrient for spikelet, florets differentiation and grain formation stages of maize ears.
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