Custom Category: Agricultural Machinery Knowledge
Variable input technology VRT and intelligent agricultural machinery
Variable input technology VRT (VariableRateTechnology) refers to a technology that installs agricultural machinery such as computers and DGPS, and automatically adjusts the input rate of a certain agricultural material in the material box according to the location of the farmland where it is located. The VRT system can be applied to many different substances such as small granular or liquid fertilizers, insecticides, seeds, irrigation water, or a mixture of more than 10 chemical substances. The variable input system usually includes a mobile work tool, a controller that adjusts the actual flow rate, a positioning system, and an ideal material application description map corresponding to the cultivated land. On traditional implements, the operator usually controls the material input rate by observing the dashboard. With integrated GPS and GIS tools, this input rate can be changed automatically with random movements.
Intelligent agricultural machinery
The purpose of the "precision agriculture" technology is to scientifically manage the field plots, reduce investment, and increase production efficiency. As agricultural machinery and equipment that supports "precision agriculture" technology, in addition to the combine harvester with positioning system and yield measurement, the agricultural machinery operating according to the prescription map includes: positioning system and prescription map reading equipment, control broadcast Deep and sowing precision seeder for grain; Fertilizer feeder for controlling fertilizer amount; Sprayer for controlling dose; Sprayer for controlling water spray volume.
1. Combine harvester
For example, the Messey Ferguson MF40 combine harvester in the United Kingdom adopts a DGPS system with a dynamic positioning accuracy of better than 5m, its grain flow sensor is a gamma-ray type, the measurement accuracy is 0.5%, and the software system is a field star developed by the company (Field-star). Star), the job monitoring system is DataVision II. In the harvesting project, the AgGPS132 parallel navigation option can be used for precise navigation. Its output is the production distribution map.
2, variable fertilizer application
According to the different requirements of the plots, different formulations and different amounts of mixed fertilizers were targetedly applied. The specific work is as follows: The ratio of fertilizers required by each plot in the field and the application amount per unit area have been programmed into the computer in advance; the current position information in the field is acquired; and the amount of fertilizer applied is controlled.
3, variable sprayer
According to the prescription map and DGPS positioning, adjust the dose and droplet size. For example, when driving a tractor spraying pesticides in the field, a monitor installed in the cab shows the position of the spray prescription map and the tractor. While the driver monitors the walking trajectory, the data processor automatically issues commands to the sprayer to control the spray according to the amount of spray on the prescription map.
4, variable irrigation machine
Master-slave microprocessor distributed control, arms up to 392m, adjustable spray flow at any time to meet the different requirements of different areas of soil soil texture, depth, terrain and yield potential of different water.
5, variable seeder
According to the different practical needs of the community (fertility, lyricism, and soil quality difference), the seeding amount and seeding depth are adjusted at any time in the sowing operation, and it is desired to achieve the purpose of neat and vigorous growth of the entire farmland.
In short, the intelligent machinery is easy to use, can automatically identify tractors attached to the agricultural machinery, automatically activate the relevant stored procedures and data, and automatically give the speed and the speed of transportation required to meet the economic and environmental requirements (fertilizers, pesticides Wait). The input rate can be manually adjusted, and each button can be changed by 10%. Users can input data according to prompts, display text, graphics, clear and easy to read. The items jointly monitored by various agricultural machines include: input (kg or l), working area (m2), driving distance (km), tractor operating time (h), agricultural machine operating time (h), and driver's working time (h) , average productivity (m2/h), power output shaft speed (RPM), input per unit time (kg/min or l/min).
Precision Agriculture System Integration
Accurate farming system integration is one of the key technologies to achieve the overall goal of the project. It refers to the coordination, synthesis and overall optimization of the various components of the system. It is the total integration of the hardware system and the software system. At the same time, it is an important part of the overall design of the project. The system integration is divided into two steps. First, the computer control system and the "intelligent agricultural machinery system" are integrated separately, and then the total integration of the above two systems is realized. Among them, the computer control system includes “precision agricultural GPS systemâ€, “farmland information collection systemâ€, “farmland geographic information systemâ€, and “crop management expert systemâ€. The implementation of the two steps of system integration is as follows:
1. Accurate agricultural computer control system integration includes spatial positioning of soil information and yield information, and GIS is coupled with crop expert systems to generate spatially-positioned agricultural prescriptions, as well as soil and yield information and agricultural prescription updates.
2. The intelligent agricultural machinery system integration includes the matching of agricultural machinery suitable for farming, sowing, spraying, irrigation and harvesting of wheat and corn, and the optimization of performance price and intelligence.
3. The integration of the two above-mentioned systems includes the interface between soil and production information collectors carried by agricultural machinery and GPS and GIS, and the positioning and real-time control of agricultural machinery operations by farming prescriptions.
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