For a long time, the uniformity of breeding ducks has always been the most concern for duck farmers because it is related to the egg production rate of ducks and the economic benefits of duck farmers. Evenness refers to the distribution of weight within 10% of the average weight. The number of ducks is the percentage of total ducks measured. The determination of evenness should be sampled and weighed. The number of grazing ducks at the time of sampling should be 3% to 5% of the total duck population. The key period of duck uniformity control is the brooding and breeding period. In particular, the uniformity of bred ducks will directly affect the speed of egg production after the breeding duck, the duration of the peak duration, and the overall egg production rate. Heavy consistency and size of the deadweight during laying. Therefore, how to regulate the uniformity of bred ducks is of great significance.
Brooding period
To have a good uniformity in bred ducks, one must have a good foundation from the ducklings (0 weeks to 8 weeks). Then there are the following aspects that should be noted during the brooding period.
The ducklings were selected to choose healthy ducklings with relatively uniform shell weight and relatively consistent shelling time.
Timely grouping and timely and reasonable grouping is also an important part of normal development of ducks. Ducklings have physical differences due to various reasons, such as the morning and evening of hatching time, identification of male and female, and so on. Diseases, weaknesses, and ducklings must be kept isolated by eye and hand touch. These ducks must be given special care and placed in a cage with a slightly higher temperature and better light, which facilitates the intake of drinking water and promotes its rapid recovery. At the same time to reduce their breeding density, dietary supplements of vitamins and minerals, and can be supplemented with antibiotics to prevent disease. At the same time, groups of males and females should be grouped by size. In general, drakes grow faster. The mother duck grows slowly. If the male and female are polycultured, the male duck has strong physical strength and bullies weak weak mother ducks and competes for food and grabs drinks. In this way, the weight difference between the male and female ducks will increase, and there will be a difference in gender uniformity. After grouping by male and female, if there is a difference between the individuals in the same-sex duck population, they can be sorted by size. In this way, the uniformity of ducks of the same sex can be improved.
The feed density was reduced at a proper time so that the ducks had only sufficient free space for the first week, usually 50/m2 to 60/m2 in the first week, and 30/m2 to 40/m2 in the second week. Reasonable breeding density is a necessary condition for ensuring the health and development of ducks. If the density is high, the air in the house is turbid, the smell of ammonia is large, the humidity is poor, and the hygiene is poor.
Regularly weighed, the monitored ducks must be moderately restricted and the ducklings feed more, so that the ducks generally have a good uniformity.
Adequate feed level and water level should be enough troughs and sinks, so that each duck has a slot and drinking water position, to ensure that feed and drink can be eaten at any time. Shelf ducks have problems with rearing density. There should not be too many ducklings on one shelf, otherwise crowding occurs during feeding. To divide into several spaces on a shelf, it is advisable to use about 100 ducklings according to the density, so that the ducklings can have appropriate space for picking and drinking. In addition, the ratio of sinks and troughs is generally 2:1.
Do a good job in the prevention of epidemics by strictly implementing the immunization procedures and vaccination according to the procedures. According to the actual situation, prevent insecticides and insecticides. During the brooding period, special attention should be paid to duck hepatitis and infectious conjunctivitis of ducks. When the duck population becomes ill, the duck population Uniformity will be significantly reduced. When brooding is bred, it must meet the standard or exceed the standard body weight within 5%, and the uniformity must be above 70%.
Growth period
During the breeding period (9 weeks to 18 weeks), the ducks' resistance to the environment and stress is further strengthened, and the bones and muscles develop rapidly. Especially for large fast ducks, they eat fast and grow fast, and their evenness can pass through the limit. Feeding results in fast and good control. In order to improve its uniformity over this period of time, the following aspects should be carefully considered.
Accurately grasping the number of ducks The accuracy of the number of ducks in storage is directly related to the accuracy of the amount of feed. In actual work, the factors that cause changes in the number of people are death, elimination, and group adjustment. Since the number of columns caused by various factors makes the number unclear, the breeder must be highly serious. If the quantity changes and the amount of material does not change, its uniformity will certainly be affected over time.
Feeding is fast, uniform, and accurate. The ducks that start to eat eat the additional feed, resulting in more feed intake. As for the accuracy, the method of weighing and feeding is adopted, and a certain amount of material is added into a certain chute, so that it cannot be spilled and eaten to a prescribed amount to achieve an ideal weight. At the same time after adding the finished material should be a smooth time, so that feed as far as possible evenly distributed.
Timely adjustment of the duck population due to a variety of uncontrollable and controllable factors, after a period of time, weight will certainly appear different weight gain situation, this time, should be monitored regularly, usually once a week, calculate the average weight and After the evenness, the large, medium, and small ducks were divided into three groups to give the corresponding amount of feed. By controlling the amount of feed to control the increase in body weight, after a period of time, it achieved satisfactory uniformity, generally only 80% or so, it does not require too much. It must be pointed out here that the weighing apparatus should be accurate and not easily deformed. It is best to use electronic scales. Weighing only the baskets used by the ducks must be counted one at a time. This helps to approximate the actual weight of the ducks.
Restricted feeding programs For ducks from 6 weeks to 7 weeks, they should not adopt strict dietary restrictions because they are under stress, such as transit, as long as they can reach the standard body weight. For ducks from 8 weeks to 11 weeks, the growth rate of the ducks is faster, and feed restriction can be adopted. The ducks from 12 weeks to 16 weeks must adopt a strict feed restriction program, and the weight should be controlled within 5% of the target weight. Do not exceed Standard weight. In order to ensure that all types of ducks have a good degree of uniformity, the limited feeding of large, medium and small ducks must be handled. If the ducklings do not have more feed than other ducks after 13 weeks, the amount of feed before 12 weeks will be sufficient. Can be used as compensatory growth needs. However, after 18 weeks, the big duck can't adopt strict feed restriction programs. The feed must meet the needs of its growth and development.
Strengthening feeding management to prevent the onset of ducks is a powerful measure to ensure uniformity. During this period, ducks are mainly exposed to respiratory and intestinal diseases and should be prevented by medication.
To sum up, the uniformity should be grasped from a young age, strengthen the management of the brooding rearing period, ensure that there is proper weight gain every week, and the weight should show a catapult curve increase every week. The amount of feed should be considered comprehensively and cannot be consecutive for several weeks. Feeding, but can not be reduced, the weight can only rise can not be reduced, weight uniformity should be well controlled before the expected date of birth (18 weeks). At the same time, we must ensure that feed nutrition is comprehensive. In addition, we must strengthen sanitation and disinfection work, do a good job of disease prevention and immunization, and reduce stress. Only in this way can we get a uniform degree of uniformity in order to obtain greater economic benefits.
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