Dr. Qian Ganyu, an expert from the Sichuan Provincial Fisheries Bureau's technical promotion station, introduced that there are many advantages in paddy field cultivation: The first is that without destroying the original ecosystem of paddy fields and without increasing the use of water resources, it can be used as a dual-purpose water and dual-use land. The effect of income directly increases economic efficiency. The second is that the ecological effect is more prominent. The main manifestation is that the loach can directly eat some of the harmful insects in the water and play a part in biological control of insect pests, saving pesticides and reducing food pollution.
The loachy inhabits the surface of the mud that is eroded by the earth and can breathe through the skin and intestines in addition to breathing with earthworms. Loach is an omnivorous fish and prefers to feed at night. It feeds on insects, small crustaceans, young leaves of aquatic plants, and diatoms, cyanobacteria, green algae, yellow algae, and zooplankton.
Under artificial rearing conditions, planktonic bait is cultivated by fertilization, and residual bait and feces residue at the bottom of the sediment can be used as food. Artificial feeding can also feed commodity feeds, such as peanut cakes, rice bran, bran, bean cakes, silkworm cocoons, snails, clams, hydro-filaments, fish, poultry, and other internal organs. Loach individuals are small, light weight, gluttonous, and when inflated, they can easily cause indigestion and affect normal breathing and cause swelling.
Loach is a warm-water fish. It appears yellowish in rice fields. Its growth temperature is 15-34 degrees, and the optimum growth temperature is 24-30 degrees. When the water temperature drops below 5-6 degrees or higher than 35-36 degrees, it dives into mud 10-30 cm layer to sleep.
Rice field construction
In paddy fields, we must choose paddy fields with sufficient water sources and good water quality and an area of ​​2-10 acres, and build 80 cm high escape walls with concrete or plastic sheets, films, screens, etc. (30 cm into the mud) around the paddy fields. A 20-cm-wide step is made along the field and 15 cm from the top of the field. A field-shaped gutter is digging around and in the center of the field, with a width and depth of 50 cm. One inlet, one drain, and one overflow pipe are used. The nozzles are intercepted with fine wire mesh. The drainage pipe is usually sealed with cement.
Restocking
The squid is best sourced from the original loach or from natural waters. It requires a healthy and disease-free body. The age is 2 years old, the female body weight is 15-25g, and the male body weight is more than 12g. In late February, before the paddy fields were flooded, 75-100 kg of lime were used for cleaning and disinfection. Mushi Fermented pig manure 1,000 kilograms, into the water filtered into the field, the depth of the trench 30-40 cm, fertilization of water body, the transparency of water is about 25 cm. After the seedlings return to green, 2-3 grams of seedlings with a size of 3-5 grams per tail are placed in the acre, and soaked in 3% salt solution for 10 minutes before stocking, and then enter the fields after disinfection.
Feeding management
First, fertilization
During the cultivation process, organic fertilizers must be applied in a timely manner, in small amounts, evenly, in order to ensure the continuous development of plankton. Fertilize once every 10-15 days, and use 150 kg per mu. In addition, according to the specific conditions of water color, about 1.5 kilograms of urea or 2.5 kilograms of ammonia bicarbonate is applied per acre to maintain the water body yellow-green.
Second, feeding Because of the high density of mud in the Tanaka, artificial feed should be fed, such as bean cake, silkworm cocoon powder, fly maggots, cockroaches, snails, clams, slaughterhouse waste, rice bran, bean dregs, rapeseed cake, bran, etc. To supplement the lack of natural food. July-August is the peak season for the growth of loach. It requires 15% of silkworm cocoons, 10% of meat and bone meal, and 25% of bean cake. It feeds twice a day, and the rate of feeding is 10%. From September to October, plant-based feeds such as bran and rice bran are mainly used. They are usually fed once a day and in the afternoon, and the feeding amount is 2%-4% of the total weight of the loach. About 2% in early spring and late autumn. According to the specific knowledge of mud feeding, generally after each feeding, it is advisable to eat basically within 1-2 hours.
Third, the water level control Water level control is extremely important. The actual water level above the surface is generally controlled at 5 cm or more. The new water is added in a timely manner. Generally, water is added once every two months. In the high temperature season in summer, the water level should be deepened.
Fourth, disease prevention Because the loach is suitable for paddy field farming, there is generally no disease in the breeding process. In order to prevent the occurrence of erythroderma, monthly furanones 10-20 grams of bait, with 50 kg of feed fed 2-3 days per month, with 10-15 kg of lime slurry per acre Quanchip spill. Rice pesticide application time is generally 3-5 days before transplanting, or 5-7 days after transplanting.
V. Day-to-day management Inspect the fields twice a day, check the anti-escape facilities, and especially carefully check the loopholes in rainy days. Prevent the invasion of natural enemies (such as water snakes, ducks, etc.), observe muddy activities and feeding conditions. The inflow of water containing highly toxic pesticides such as methamidophos, phenol poison, carbofuran, sodium pentachlorophenol, etc. is strictly prohibited.
Fishing method
First, flush fishing, in the vicinity of the mouth of the outlet, shop on the use of equipment, water from the inlet, due to muddy water there are dizzy features, after a certain period of time after the net to lift the capture. This method is suitable for water temperatures around 20 degrees, when the muddy love activities; the second is bait trapping, put the saute or bran of saute in the bamboo cage, the cage is placed in the ditch to trap into the cage; the third is to capture the dry field Slowly dry the field water, so that the loach can be trapped in the exposed part of the trench.
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