Biological control of pests mainly includes pest management by natural enemies and pest control by microbes. The management of pests by natural enemies includes protection of natural enemies, reproduction and release of natural enemies, and introduction of natural enemies.
To protect natural enemies and make them grow naturally, we must formulate specific measures based on the characteristics of various natural enemies in different environments. A good farming practice can often produce good protection and use natural enemies. For example, cotton and wheat in North China are interplanted, and wheat will be interplanted. At maturity, wheat stubbles are becoming scarce; while cotton is at seedling stage and cottonseeds are becoming increasingly severe, providing food for the natural enemies of the locusts on wheat. They have moved to cotton seedlings, and the cotton quilts have been naturally controlled and do not need to take any Prevention and control measures. Some unplanted cotton farmers collect natural enemies (such as ladybugs, grasshoppers, etc.) in wheat fields to help move them to cotton fields; and some orchards increase the biodiversity of orchards and improve the suitability of natural enemies by planting beneficial plants. Environment to protect natural enemies.
Artificial reproduction, release of natural enemies, is usually used after the protection of natural enemies in the natural world is not enough to control the number of pests below the level of economic victimization, so the prevention and control goals are clear, natural enemies for reproduction, release should be To be very specific. China's breeding and release of natural enemies in terms of research and use of most of the Trichogramma species of egg parasitoids, has been commercialized, can use Trichogramma to control the main Lepidoptera pests.
The purpose of introducing natural enemies from outside the country is to improve and strengthen the composition of local natural enemies and improve the natural control of insect pests. This is often used to deal with newly imported pests.
Many pathogenic microorganisms of insects can be used to control agricultural and forest pests, and some can also cause epidemics of insect populations to achieve long-term control effects. Most of the pathogenic microorganisms of insects are harmless to humans and animals and do not pollute the environment and form certain preparations. After it can be sprayed like a chemical pesticide, it is often considered a microbial pesticide.
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