Some people compare the subsoil soil and water to tea and tea so that good tea leaves can make good tea.
What kind of soil is best for crab growth? What are the effects of various soil properties on crab culture? In this paper, we will discuss what kind of soil is most suitable for crab farming by combining the soil in Xinghua area of ​​the crab breeding area and the soil in Taixing area.
1, the composition and classification of soil.
The soil is actually composed of many particles. Different particle sizes and different particle content will affect the properties of the soil, and thus affect the water quality of the culture pond. The various soil types are mainly composed of sand, fine sand, and clay. The diameter of the sand is larger than 0.25-1m and the diameter of the clay is only 0.001mm. The three basic particles are combined into various soil types. Sand, loam, clay, etc. The area around Jiangsu is basically yellow-brown soil. For example, the soil in Xinghua is mainly yellow-brown soil (mucky loam), and the soil in Taixing City, Taizhou City is dominated by sandy soil. It is mainly affected by the impact plains of the Yangtze River and the soil is made into sand! Sand and yellow-brown soil have advantages in who stands for crab breeding?
Comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of the two types of soil
Loamy sand
Advantages: good ventilation and permeability, more aerobic bacteria in the soil, faster decomposition of organic matter, faster supply of fertilizer, easy to plowing, easy rooting of plants in early spring soil warming quickly.
Disadvantages: mineral composition, poor nutrients, easy defertilization, soil temperature is relatively stable, and the temperature difference is large, adsorption is general, easy to collapse accident! Water seepage.
Yellow brown clay loam
Advantages: General ventilation, stable soil temperature, abundant nutrients, good water retention and fertilizer retention, and rich mineral nutrients (potassium, calcium, and high content).
Disadvantages: The decomposition rate of organic matter is slow, and the bottom is easily aerobic. The poor ventilation of the soil makes it difficult to plow till it cracks due to the weather.
It can be seen that the loam has low temperature in the early stage of aquaculture, and it is difficult to fertilize with fertilizers and water. The long-lasting fertilizer has advantages over sand, and the decomposition rate of organic matter is slow, resulting in some residual bait droppings that are bad at the end and are prone to compaction. Soil is a disadvantage. Who will be better in the management of water quality in the early rise of crabs?
Comparison of the properties of different soils:
Loamy sand is low in early morning and the temperature of the soil is relatively constant. The temperature of sand rebounds quickly in early spring, which helps to increase the water temperature and increase the food intake of crabs. Low-quality oxygen-consuming material, good air permeability, can provide favorable conditions for early rise of crabs, survival rate has improved.
The clay loam is rich in water and fertilizer, and rich in soil nutrients. The water quality is relatively refreshing, and the water quality of the old pond is refreshing, mainly because the soil particles after the soil compaction are not easily affected by wind, waves, and rain, and large quantities of muddy water enter the water body.
Analysis of growth of weeds in different soils:
On the other hand, one of the main reasons for the early slow growth of aquatic weeds is that the root of Yile grass grows slowly, takes a shallow root, and the soil temperature is also affected. Sand returns to warmer temperatures than loamy soil and can effectively promote long roots and root lengths of grasses. Well, the grass grows naturally fast (with fertilization), and the sandy soil is well rooted, while the water quality is relatively clear and slim. Fertility of sandy loam soil is somewhat inferior and it is necessary to fertilize it. Sand is prone to appearing in the later stage of aquatic weeds. The soil compaction of the loamy clay loam can also lead to the obstruction of the early stage of the rooting of the leek, while the soil temperature is lower than that of the sand and the root growth is slow. Soil compaction will also affect the growth of aquatic weeds. Richer nutrients can provide fertilizer for the growth of aquatic plants. The deep soil organic matter below the surface layer is not completely decomposed, and toxic and hazardous substances are increased. It is not obvious that the temperature is low in the early stage. There was a significant difference in oxygen at the bottom of the comparison.
Soil microbial flora analysis:
Loamy sand because of the good ventilation permeability, water seepage, the risk of collapse, when the construction of the loquat to consider this factor. The bacteria in the soil have the momentum of aerobic bacteria. They have their own decomposition and are fast. The fertilizer supply is fast but the fertilizer effect is not lasting. The consumption of oxygen is low at the bottom of the summer. Many of the diseases are mainly anaerobic bacteria, so there are certain advantages in the soil microflora. The viscous loam has good effect on water retention and fertilizer retention, but the bottom bacterial structure is mainly composed of aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria. The soil is easy to compact, oxygen cannot enter the aerobic bacteria and cannot survive after the consolidation, and the anaerobic bacteria will multiply. Severe inversion of crabs, such as crustaceans. The decomposition rate of organic matter in soil is slow and not thorough. It is mainly affected by the properties of the soil and the flora. The clay loam has small fine particles, poor permeability, and it is susceptible to cracking. The sand particles are large, hard to compact, and have good air permeability, which is the root cause.
The review shows that soil should have sandy loam in crab farming. Because sandy loam has the properties and characteristics of sand and loam, it can bring good benefits to the farming.
How can we solve the breeding problem caused by different soil types in crab culture?
According to the nature of the soil to make certain improvements.
1. The viscous soil can be used to plow the soil with a cultivator after the drying pond reaches the cracking stage after the drying pond, and then use the compactor to pulverize the soil on the surface! The surface of the soil is very good at oxidizing some of the organic matter after being crushed.
2, according to the viscous soil can seriously participate in the sand, so that its permeability has been improved. Increasing the aerobic flora of the soil can accelerate the decomposition of organic matter and increase the oxygen at the bottom when the temperature is high. Reducing excess organic residue leads to oxygen and bad water.
3. Use nitrifying bacteria and other beneficial bacteria to ferment and improve the soil to release inorganic salts such as potassium, calcium, magnesium, etc., and the release of trace elements.
Sand improvement
1, mainly to add a certain proportion of silt to the original soil, generally in the role of 10%, plowing, mincing.
2. Simultaneously add fermented organic feces such as pig manure. At the same time, the addition of Water Plus Probiotics to once again decompose the organic feces, so that it can better release inorganic salts and nutrients. However, the entire process is completed with a small amount of water.
3. Once again plowing and smashing.
4. Improvement of acidic and alkaline soils.
Acidic soils are mainly improved with lime, and alkaline soils can be improved with gypsum.
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