In recent years, especially since 2002, the cases of infectious bursal disease complicated by atypical Newcastle disease in broilers have gradually increased in clinical practice. If improperly diagnosed or treated, they often cause serious economic losses or lead to early elimination of diseased chickens. Therefore, the development and prevalence of the disease should be given great attention. The epidemiological features, clinical symptoms, necropsy changes, treatment measures, and diagnosis and treatment experience are summarized.
1 Popular features
1.1 The prevalence of the disease is widespread, and the disease may occur in broiler chickens in densely populated areas (cultivated areas) and non-intensive areas (in small-scale farms).
1.2 The disease can occur throughout the year, but it is relatively common in winter and summer.
1.3 Most broiler chickens are between 15 and 40 days old.
1.4 The clinical symptoms and necropsy changes are complicated and easily misdiagnosed, leading to greater economic losses.
1.5 The disease can still occur in immunized chickens, which may be related to inappropriate immunization procedures, new infectious strains of the Newcastle disease virus, and new virulence strains, as well as increased virulence.
1.6 The incidence and mortality rate is directly related to the timely adoption of correct treatment measures and the quality of feeding and management, and the pros and cons of the environment. The incidence and mortality of chickens with poor feeding and management and poor environmental hygiene are significantly higher. Inadequate diagnosis and treatment often results in early elimination of diseased chickens.
2 clinical symptoms
The diseased chickens were mentally defensive, stayed away, piled up, bowed necks, loose feathers, increased body temperature, loss of appetite (no significant changes in feed intake at the onset of disease, decreased feed intake 2 to 3 days later), changes in drinking water Insignificant (decline 2 to 3 days after onset), chickens have varying degrees of respiratory symptoms (such as sneezing, throwing nose, snore, etc.), fecal color, shape is different (or yellow-green or yellow-white or green dilute feces Some will also have "egg-like" watery stools). In the early stages of the disease, there were sporadic deaths in the flock and the mortality rate increased significantly after 3 days. Some chickens have paralyzed legs, unbalanced movements, and sagging wings.
3 necropsy changes
Trachea hyperemia, hemorrhage, mucus increase, and some of the heart crown fat hemorrhage; glandular stomach and esophageal transition at the junction of the lower part of the gland stomach and muscle stomach junction bleeding band, some small intestine appearance can be seen in several sizes, varying lengths The yellow foam segment (the content of the small intestine is orange and thin, and the intestinal mucosa falls off. The intestinal wall becomes thinner, lacks elasticity, and it is slightly broken, the capillary wall of the intestinal wall is congested or bleeding, and the boundary is obvious), and some intestinal tracts Irregular bleeding (speckle, strip, or massive bleeding), individual chicken intestine with "Zao jujube" or "islands" like bleeding, ulcers, cecal tonsils swollen, bleeding; hepatomegaly, rib pressure marks, Red and yellow stripes; kidneys with different degrees of swelling, urinary urate deposition was obvious; some bursal bursa swelling, the appearance of yellow jelly-like material coverage, inner mucus, severe Brucella obvious bleeding, swelling Leg muscles, chest muscles irregular bleeding (spotted, stabbed, massive bleeding).
4 Diagnosis
The diagnosis can be made initially by clinical symptoms, necropsy, or epidemiological features. The diagnosis depends on laboratory tests.
5 Treatment measures
Can use special treatment of infectious bursal disease and Newcastle disease high-immune serum or specific globulin intramuscular injection; add appropriate amount of antibiotics to prevent secondary infection in drinking water during the day, add appropriate amount of kidney diuretic in drinking water at night; antibiotics mixed in the material Chinese medicine plus enteritis drugs, once every 3 to 5 days.
6 Discussion and Experience
6.1 As the clinical symptoms of the disease and the necropsy are complicated, it is easy to misunderstand the diagnosis and treatment. If only the diagnosis of chicken infectious cystic disease, only after the treatment of infectious cystic disease egg yolk antibody + antibiotics, the chicken symptoms will have a certain degree of reduction, but soon exacerbated the disease, increased mortality; If only diagnosed as Atypical Newcastle disease, so the emergency immunization, the result is not only did not control the condition, but make the condition worse, the mortality rate increased. Therefore, grass-roots animal husbandry and veterinary workers must observe carefully and perform necropsy in clinical practice. When necessary, they can take the diseased materials and send them to the laboratory for diagnosis so that the disease can be diagnosed more quickly and accurately to prevent misdiagnosis.
6.2 Strengthening feeding and management, doing a good job in environmental hygiene, scientific immunization and drug prevention are of great significance for the prevention and treatment of this disease. Therefore, we must pay attention to the production of chickens.
6.3 The epidemic features, clinical symptoms, and necropsy changes of the disease are not fixed. With the changes in the feeding environment, the use of drugs, and the passage of time, the epidemic features, clinical symptoms, and necropsy changes of the disease are also New changes will continue to occur. therefore. The poultry disease prevention and treatment workers must use the perspective of development to look at the problem, while continuing to learn new knowledge, and constantly research, explore and summarize the causes of their lesions and effective prevention and treatment measures to better promote the healthy development of the poultry industry.
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