The pheasant is also known as ring neck pheasant, pheasant, pheasant and grass chicken. It has strong disease resistance and high survival rate, which is convenient for farming and has high economic value.
1 Incidence
In April 2003, a chicken farm in the suburbs of the city imported 150 adult pheasants from a special poultry farm in Zuojia, Jilin City. The female and male were mixed and kept in cages, and the fertilized eggs were hatched by artificial means. By the end of May 2004, there were 387 pheasants. No vaccine has ever been immunized. On May 15, 2004, some chickens had onset. After five days, there were 146 onset, including 65 deaths. At the same time as the chicken disease, the chickens raised by the villagers around the chicken farm also became ill.
2 clinical symptoms
In addition to the acute death of pheasants without clinical symptoms, the majority of other diseased pheasants showed a body temperature of 42 ~ 43 °C, loss of appetite or waste, the spirit of Weidun, do not want to walk, half closed or closed eyes, one or two Side wings drooping and drowsy. Severely ill pheasants have difficulty in breathing and have mucus nasal fluid. From time to time they squeak or squeak. They shake their heads or do swallowing actions. When they pour, they flow out of the mouth and go out of the egg white mucus. Feces are yellow-green or yellow-white scoop or egg white. The longer duration of the illness was also manifested by the head and neck reclining backwards, one or both wings sagging, unable to restore, claudication, and standing unsteady, and individual rotations or impacts on the wall or on the Internet. The course of disease is usually 1 to 4 days.
3 pathological examination
A total of 16 diseased pheasants were co-examined. The pathological changes were as follows: a large amount of gray mucus in the oral cavity, a sour stench in the hernia sac; severe punctate bleeding in the thigh muscles; a junction between the esophagus and the adeno-gastric gland, and a glandular stomach and muscle stomach. Mucosal edema at the junction, bleeding or bleeding spots, ulcers, glandular stomach nipples with varying degrees of bleeding; hemorrhoids beneath the musculoskeletal stratum corneum; varying degrees of bleeding in the intestinal mucosa, cecal tonsil enlargement, hemorrhage, Necrotic ulcers; severe bleeding of the fallopian tubes and cloacal mucosa.
4 laboratory diagnosis
4.1 Bacteriology and Parasitology
The diseased liver and spleen were used to make contact lenses and stained for microscopic examination. No bacteria were found. Liver and spleen tissues were inoculated on MacConkey and nutritive blood agar media. No bacterial growth was observed at 37°C for 48 hours. The intestinal mucosa and contents of the diseased chicken were scraped by microscopy and no eggs or parasites were found.
4.2 Virus isolation and identification
Sterilely take the spleen and brain tissue of the dying pheasant chicken and make a 1:10 emulsion, and add 2000 μg of penicillin per ml, 2000 μg of streptomycin, store in a refrigerator at 4°C for 3 hours, and then centrifuge at 4,000 rpm for 15 minutes. Take the supernatant 0.1mL, inoculate 10-day-old SPF chicken embryo chorioallantoic cavity, cultured chick embryo allantoic fluid and amniotic fluid after 72 hours of culture, respectively, using Newcastle disease standard positive serum, standard positive serum of bursal disease, avian influenza standard Positive serum for hemagglutination test (HA) and hemagglutination inhibition test (H1). As a result, the direct agglutination rates of 1% standard healthy chicken erythrocytes were 1:80 and 1:160, respectively; Newcastle disease positive serum virus inhibitory rates of 1:10000 and 1 were respectively fixed by the standard positive serum diluted allantoic fluid in the hemagglutination inhibition test. : 40; while normal serum such as physiological saline, bursa of Fabricius and bird flu does not have a hemagglutination inhibition rate.
Through the clinical symptoms, pathological changes and laboratory diagnosis, it can be diagnosed as an outbreak of Newcastle disease in chickens.
5 Control measures
5.1 Antibody Injection and Immunization
The diseased pheasant chickens were quickly isolated from non-infected pheasants. Immediately after injection, the goats were challenged with the purified goat anti-newcastle disease virus positive serum developed by the Pharmaceutical Research Institute of the Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology Institute. The incidence of chickens was 0.5 mL each, and 0.2 mL of chickens were not used. Three days of repeated injections were performed for 3 times, during which secondary infections were controlled with dry yeast, norfloxacin, and vitamin additives. After 10 days of treatment, all pheasants were vaccinated with chicken Newcastle disease LaSota attenuated vaccine drinking water. The diseased chicken recovered and there was no disease. The epidemic was controlled.
5.2 Isolation and disinfection
The diseased pheasant and the non-pathogenic pheasant were quickly isolated, the dead chicken was burned and the feces buried; poultry houses and utensils were sprayed, washed and soaked with 1% sodium hydroxide solution; closed doors and windows were fumigated with formaldehyde steam and used the same amount. Ammonium hydroxide was used after one week of neutralization.
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