Rapeseed is a autumn crop and has a certain ability to resist cold. However, due to the invasion of cold air during overwintering, unscientific species selection, late planting period, improper application of fertilizer management measures, etc., it often causes rape damage, resulting in different The degree of production cuts or even no harvest. Therefore, it is necessary to take timely measures to protect against freezing and seedlings.
Re-applying the wax fertilizer farmer said: "A thousand thousand irrigates, not as good as a wax cast." This fully illustrates the role of rapeseed fertilizer. The application time of wax fertilizer is 10 to 15 days before the “winter solsticeâ€. Generally, 1200 to 1500 kg of pig cow manure per mu, or 2500 to 3,000 kg of earth fertilizer, can increase the soil temperature 2°C to 3°C, playing winter The effect of Shi Chunfa.
Cultivating the soil by cultivating in the cultivator, cultivating the ripping soil in the drain of the ditch, and dipping the roots in the soil can improve the soil environment of the rape field, regulate the soil moisture, increase the temperature of the soil, prevent lodging, and reduce the harm of the weed and sclerotium. The depth of cultivator should be different due to the growth of rapeseed. Generally, it should be shallow and deep, and the land with prosperous growth should be deep, and the land with weak growth should be shallow, combined with cultivator roots before winter.
Before the application of thin manure water to freeze, 600-800 kilograms of manure water per acre is poured, which can increase the concentration of soil solution, so that the soil is not easy to freeze, thereby reducing the root freezing.
Fertilizer spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate, active element and Huimanfeng solution during overwintering, spraying 0.2% borax solution on boron-deficient rape, is conducive to freezing and seedling protection.
Increased cover covering rape seedlings with soil miscellaneous fertilizer, grass ash and crop stalks before winter can maintain relatively stable ground temperature, reduce transpiration of leaves, avoid direct damage of cold air to the leaves, and can also bridge the earth seam to prevent air leakage. Such as covering rice straw, 200-300 kilograms per acre, not only protect the antifreeze, but also increase the soil organic matter. The straw that covers the surface of the crop can be naturally implemented in the event of rainfall, and generally does not affect the photosynthesis of rapeseed.
Spraying paclobutrazol on rapeseed plots with early, long-growth, and obsessive trends due to sowing and planting, spraying paclobutrazol solution before and after December 20th can make the plants dull, and the leaf color turn green to prevent or reduce freezing injury. Spraying method: 15% paclobutrazol wettable powder per acre 50 ~ 60 grams, 60 kg of water evenly sprayed leaves, pay attention not to spray, not heavy spray.
Antifreeze rapeseed field irrigation water irrigation in the cold before the advent of a water, can stabilize the temperature, supply of water during the seedlings during the winter, effectively prevent dry; after freezing water, should be held in the sunny end of the cold tail noon, so that the frost The surface layer is solidified to ensure that the roots of the rapeseed are in close contact with the soil, which is conducive to keeping seedlings and roots.
Prevention and control of insect pests in time to prevent rape aphids, cabbage caterpillars, beetle beetles, is conducive to robust seedling growth, generally 10% imidacloprid 10 to 15 grams of water spray; also available 40% omethoate 100 ml and 2.5% enemy killed 20 ml , spray 150 kg of water. Note that the spray must be carried out after thawing to prevent damage to the leaves and cause phytotoxicity. In rape fields where damping-off and rust are severe, carbendazim or thiophanate-methyl can be used for control.
Controlling early emergence of early rapeseed rape not only consumes more nutrients, but also has weak cold resistance and is prone to frost damage. For the plots with signs of early onset and early flowering, deep cultivating and damaging part of the root system can delay the occurrence of early infestation and early flowering. The early rape and early flowering rapeseed can be selected. After the Spring Festival, the weather can be sunny and the temperature is high. When picking pods and applying topdressing nitrogen fertilizers in time, it promotes plant regeneration and reduces loss of frost damage.
After the remedy of cold, after the cold has been corrected, the seedlings shall be checked in time. In the case of canola with rooting phenomenon, 8–10 cm must be cultivated in a timely manner to prevent rooting and dead seedlings. Rain and snow weather should be used to exclude the field water as soon as possible to prevent root growth. During the thawing, weeds the wood ash or the fire and soil ash, and timely spray water on the leaves to ease the imbalance of water and prevent the dehydration dead seedlings; timely apply the available fertilizer after thawing to promote branching and increase the fruit placement; Broken buds and severely frozen leaves of the main stem must be removed promptly.
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