From sowing to harvesting, maize generally goes through eight growth periods: sowing date, seedling stage, jointing stage, small bellmouth stage, big bellmouth stage, tasselling stage, and maturity stage. Fertility days, early maturing varieties 90 ~ 95d, medium maturing varieties 95 ~ 105d, late maturing varieties more than 105d. To seize the high yield and stable yield of summer corn, comprehensive consideration must be given to the following five aspects: rational selection of compact maize varieties with large potential for yield increase, timely planting, early cropping, reasonable selection of planting density, strengthening of field management, and comprehensive prevention and control of maize pests and diseases. The production level of compact maize varieties with high yield potential has been developed to the present stage. The selection of varieties should be mainly compact and supplemented by flat varieties. This is due to the fact that the yield potential of compact maize varieties is greater than flat type. According to the results of the county agricultural technology station in recent years, the compact variety increased by 17.6% over the flat variety. Therefore, to overcome traditional prejudices, boldly choose compact varieties. The selection of varieties should be combined with factors such as the level of soil fertility, planting methods and timing, and the number of fertility days. For corn with high soil fertility, spring sowing or interplanting, middle-late and late-maturing varieties such as Ludan 50, Nongda 108, Dandan 13th, Dandan 12th, Dandan 19th, Dandan 22nd and Shendan 7th should be selected; For live corn, the medium-early maturing varieties such as Ludan 50, Nongda 108, Dandan No. 12, Dandan No. 4, Dandan No. 2, Luyuan Dan No. 14 and Danyu No. 13 can be selected to ensure timely harvest and Get high yield and stable production. While selecting good varieties, it is necessary to do a good job of seed selection and grading, and implement separate sowing of large and small seeds to increase the seed germination rate and the uniformity of seedlings. Second, timely interplanting, grab the early sowing of corn intercropping can meet the accumulated temperature requirements, to avoid bud buds, increase production; to ease the tension between the labor shortage of the wheat harvest, the formation of a virtuous circle, the development of three-dimensional high-efficiency agriculture. Multi-point test results show that the intercropping is generally about 10% more than summer. The outstanding problems in the interplanting in our county are: the interplanting area is small, the interplanting quality is poor, the technology cannot be grasped, and the seedlings are not uniform, the yield increase is not significant, and some even reduce the yield due to lack of seedlings. In order to improve the interplanting quality, we must grasp the following aspects: First, we should master the interplanting time. Interplanting should be 7 to 10 days before the wheat harvest. It is best to wait for the wheat to be harvested. The seedlings reach a leaf, do not make it more than three leaves; Watering before sowing or sowing after broadcast to ensure that all seedlings are sown; thirdly, the amount of sowing is appropriately increased to ensure adequate seedlings. The sooner the better the live broadcast, the sooner it will be no later than June 15. Otherwise, the output will be cut due to not being able to mature normally, or due to late maturity, it will affect the early sowing of wheat. Third, increase the planting density to ensure that the actual harvested spike number density is suitable for the coordination of panicle number, grain number, and grain weight, resulting in high yields. Among the three factors of yield composition, the number of ears per mu is the most basic and active factor, and the number of mu ears is determined by the planting density. In the county's climatic conditions and production conditions, tests and practices have proved that the suitable densities of several major varieties are as follows: Yandan No. 4 5000~5500 strains/667 square meters, and the actual collection of no less than 5000 strains; Yidan No. 12, Dandan No. 19, Ludan 50, Nongda 108, No. 14 Luyuan Dan and Xiyu No. 3 4000~4500/667 square meters, and the actual collection is no less than 4,000; Dandan No. 13 3500~3800 The plant had 667 square meters, and it had a harvest of no less than 3,500; Danyu No. 13 and Shendan No. 7, 3000 to 3,500/667 square meters. The actual collection was not less than 3,000. The upper limit of good soil strength and the lower limit of fertility are lower. Under high-yield conditions, if there is sufficient fertilizer, it can increase 500 or more than 667 square meters. In recent years, the corn planting density in our county has greatly improved, but there is still a certain gap between the suitable density required by the variety. According to the field investigation, the number of flat type species is less than 2,500/667 square meters, and the compact type is less than 3,000/type. The 667-square-meter parcel also occupies a certain percentage, so the shortage of planting density urgently needs to be resolved. In order to ensure the planting density, the following four measures can be taken: one is to change the seedcasting to drill or sowing seedlings and seeders; second is to change the row spacing to a reasonable spacing, which is generally 60 to 70cm; the third is to set the seedlings off, 4 leaves Dingmiao , According to the density requirements to retain more than 5% of the amount of seedlings; Fourth, increase the seeding rate to provide adequate seedlings. Through the above measures to achieve the appropriate density, Miao whole, Miao Qi, Miao uniform, Miao Zhuang. Fourth, to strengthen field management Summer corn growth period is short, self-regulatory ability is poor, since the emergence of corn will be a solid management, focusing on seedling management, fertilizer and water management and pest control. 1. Seedling stage early summer maize seedlings of poor growth environment, so the seedling management to highlight an "early" character, as soon as possible for the growth and development of seedlings to create a good environmental conditions. The seedling management needs to be done as follows: first, we should eliminate the earthworms as early as possible to improve the soil environment and facilitate the roots to shoot down. The second is early fertilization, combining high-quality organic fertilizer 1000-1500kg and superphosphate 20- 25kg, urea 5.0 ~ 7.5kg, zinc fertilizer 1kg; Third, early seedlings seedlings in time to prevent seedlings; four is early pests, wheat pests transferred to the corn, pest control should be reported according to timely reporting. 2. Increase investment in fertilizers and waters, and rationally manage the current outstanding problems in the county's fertilizer and water operations are the lack of investment and the irrational use of fertilizers. According to the requirement of summer corn and the soil nutrient status of the county, experimental studies have shown that the yield of 400kg/667 square meters of corn needs to apply 30~35kg/667 square meters of superphosphate and 50kg/667 square meters of urea. In the fertilization method, organic fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and zinc fertilizers should be applied at the seedling stage at one time; nitrogen fertilizers should be changed to staged and formulated fertilizers. The plots with poor fertility and low fertilization should adopt the “pre-medium-light†fertilization method, ie, Miaofei account for 60%, panicle fertilizer 40%; and plots with a yield level of 500kg/667 square meters should be taken. The former light, medium and heavy fertilization methods, ie, Miaofei 40% and Panfei 60%; High-yield fields should adopt the “pre-light and medium-heavy†method of fertilization, ie Miaofei 40% and Panicle 50%. Granules account for 10%. Watering accounts for 20% of all stimulation measures. Before and after sowing, the whole seedling water should be poured, the seedlings should be poured with water for seedling maintenance, and water should be used in combination with fertilization to make the fertilizer and water reach each other and give full play to the fertilizer effect. More water is required after tasseling. It is the critical period of water requirement for corn and it should be watered in time. High-yielding corn fields require the ground to see wet and not dry during the later period, so as to extend the leaf functional period, increase grain weight, and increase yield. 3. Comprehensive prevention and control of corn pests and diseases In recent years, corn pests have become more serious, especially corn borer and ear blast. The disease is severely affected by rough dwarf disease, leaf spot disease, and bacterial wilt. It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of pests and diseases and conduct prevention and control in due course. V. Prolong Postponement of Maize Harvest Period According to investigations, the corn harvest in our county is generally around September 20, and most corn, especially summer live corn, has not reached a true maturity. Although the ear of the ear has turned yellow, it has become dry and loose, but corn There is still no obvious black layer on the grain, and some varieties, such as Daidan 2 also have “false ripening†phenomenon. According to my many years of standing trials, from September 20 to October 20, corn continues to maintain grouting, and 1000-grain weight increases by 6-4 g daily. During this period, the early or late sowing of wheat was 10 days. The difference in harvest period and yield was not significant. Therefore, under the premise of not affecting the sowing date of wheat, the summer corn is appropriately delayed in the harvesting period, which can increase the grain weight and increase the yield.
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