The mixture of pesticides mainly refers to the two liquid pesticide formulations formulated together to become a liquid spray. A reasonable mixture of pesticides can expand the scope of use or treat several harmful organisms, can improve ergonomics; some mixed use can even increase the efficacy and reduce the side effects of pesticides, drug resistance and other pesticides. However, pesticides should be properly mixed.
When mixing pesticides, pay attention to the following issues:
1. The chemical stability of each active ingredient The acidity and alkalinity will affect the stability of the active ingredient. Common organic phosphate esters, carbamates, and pyrethroid vinegar insecticides are all active ingredients. They are all esters. More sensitive, it will hydrolyze in alkaline medium. Dithiocarbamate fungicides such as thiram, diosen, etc., the active ingredient in the alkaline medium will undergo complex chemical changes and be destroyed. Although some pesticides are relatively stable under weak alkaline conditions, they should be used immediately after being formulated with weakly alkaline solutions, and should not be placed for too long. Therefore, be careful with the mix of basic drugs. Common alkaline fertilizer ammonia, ammonium bicarbonate, precipitated calcium phosphate and so on. Some pesticide active ingredients will decompose or reduce the efficacy under acidic conditions. Such as 2,4-D sodium salt, 2 A 4 sodium chloride salt, amitraz and so on. Common acidic agents include copper sulfate, nicotine sulfate, antibacterial agent 401, and ethylene diuretics.
Many organic phosphate pesticides are also acidic, such as iridium and dichlorvos. The three-dimensional configuration of beta-cypermethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin (Konthrin), etc. is only stable within a very narrow pH range, and the medium is acidic and easily decomposed, while the medium is alkaline and “transitionâ€. Reduce the efficacy. In addition to acidity and alkalinity, many pesticide species cannot be mixed with drugs containing metal ions. Dithiocarbamate fungicides, 2,4-D salts herbicides mixed with copper agents can be complexed with copper ions and lose their activity. In addition to copper preparations, other preparations containing heavy metal ions such as iron, zinc, manganese, nickel and other preparations should also be used with special care.
2, to ensure good physical properties of the liquid EC formulations should have good emulsification after water. The mixture of the two types of emulsifiable concentrates also requires good emulsification performance, and can not exhibit poor emulsification or delamination, oil slick, or precipitation. The liquid mixture of wettable powders also requires a good suspension performance, and can not be flocculated or precipitated. Any obvious deterioration of the physical properties of compound liquids after mixing can not be mixed, so as to avoid the reduction of efficiency, failure or even cause injury. When the pesticide EC or wettable powder is processed and produced, it is only considered that the formulation has a good physical property with water, and it is impossible and practically impossible to use the formulation with any other preparation and the physical properties of the liquid are certain.
3, to ensure that the occurrence of adverse effects such as chemical damage and other chemical components of the active ingredients may produce phytotoxic substances, lime sulfur mixed with Bordeaux mixture can produce harmful copper sulfide, but also increased the soluble copper ions. The previously described dithiocarbamic bactericides produce harmful substances both in alkaline media and in combination with copper preparations. If the physical properties of the liquid are deteriorated due to mixed use, such as milky emulsion breakage and slick oil, it will certainly cause phytotoxicity. The diplodocus is used to control the alfalfa in paddy fields. Detoxification occurs because rice plants have an amidase that can decompose the active components of the dioscorea. Organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides inhibit this enzyme in rice. They cannot be used in combination with propellant. They cannot be used within 10 days before or after, otherwise they will cause phytotoxicity. They are amides such as butachlor, which is an amide. Herbicide varieties also have this problem.
4, pesticides should also note that:
1) The current use of single pesticides can be flexibly applied according to crop pest occurrence and control requirements. This is a technical requirement for the use of pesticides. However, pesticides that are often or commonly used are often mixed in pesticides. Mixtures generally speaking, the effective ingredients with a more scientific and reasonable, physical and chemical properties of the preparation should be better than the existing mixed, and some solid preparations such as powder, granules, mixed hard to be even, not as good as stereotypes mixture. Therefore, for the mixed application of the active ingredients of pesticides, both the ready-to-use and the mixture should be given equal weight.
2) Whether or not two pesticide preparations can be mixed are described in the books on the use of pesticides. There should be categories of pharmaceuticals that can be used together or not, as well as precautions when mixing. Before the pesticides are mixed, they should be consulted and have a good idea.
3) Mixed use of pesticides A "bucket mix" measure is popular in the developed countries, ie the pesticide preparation plant produces a single dose that can be used for tank mixing, and the tank mixing method is specified. When the pesticide is applied, the matched tank mix is ​​dispensed in the field. The site is blended with a motorized device or manually dispensed or directly into the drug storage tank of the pesticide application tractor. Therefore, there are several aspects of formulations of pesticides in foreign countries, including single doses, mixtures, and tank mixes. The tank mix can ensure the good physical properties of the mixture, and can also mix the active ingredients that are not suitable for the mixture. Our country now has a tank mix sold, such as 50% acetochlor EC 10% of the 10 dry suspension agent, 30% atrazine suspension Shibao 75% of the dry suspension agent.
4) The method of compounding the pesticide when mixing the liquid is generally to use a sufficient amount of water to first mix a single agent solution, and then use this solution to dilute another single agent; instead of mixing two single agents, Diluted with water to avoid adverse reactions, including destruction of active ingredients and deterioration of physical properties. In addition, the concentration of each active ingredient in the drug solution is calculated based on the total amount of the drug solution.
5) For the first time when two kinds of single-dose test properties are mixed, use a small amount of mixed liquid in a transparent glass container to observe whether there is oil floating, flocculation, precipitation or discoloration, heat generation, or generation. Bubbles and other abnormal phenomena. Where the liquid chemical shows chemical changes or the physical properties of the liquid have a vicious cycle, this kind of compounding is undesirable. If there is no problem with the compounding test, a mixed liquid can be used to perform the phytotoxicity test of a small area or a single plant in the field, and the concentration of the liquid can be higher than the actual concentration in the field. Initial observations ensure no phytotoxicity can occur. This compounding can be used in the field. In addition, even if there is more mature experience, it is better to do a preliminary test for the mixture of two single agents before large-scale application, because different manufacturers or the same manufacturer in different batches of the same product, quality and contain all kinds of The composition may change.
When mixing pesticides, pay attention to the following issues:
1. The chemical stability of each active ingredient The acidity and alkalinity will affect the stability of the active ingredient. Common organic phosphate esters, carbamates, and pyrethroid vinegar insecticides are all active ingredients. They are all esters. More sensitive, it will hydrolyze in alkaline medium. Dithiocarbamate fungicides such as thiram, diosen, etc., the active ingredient in the alkaline medium will undergo complex chemical changes and be destroyed. Although some pesticides are relatively stable under weak alkaline conditions, they should be used immediately after being formulated with weakly alkaline solutions, and should not be placed for too long. Therefore, be careful with the mix of basic drugs. Common alkaline fertilizer ammonia, ammonium bicarbonate, precipitated calcium phosphate and so on. Some pesticide active ingredients will decompose or reduce the efficacy under acidic conditions. Such as 2,4-D sodium salt, 2 A 4 sodium chloride salt, amitraz and so on. Common acidic agents include copper sulfate, nicotine sulfate, antibacterial agent 401, and ethylene diuretics.
Many organic phosphate pesticides are also acidic, such as iridium and dichlorvos. The three-dimensional configuration of beta-cypermethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin (Konthrin), etc. is only stable within a very narrow pH range, and the medium is acidic and easily decomposed, while the medium is alkaline and “transitionâ€. Reduce the efficacy. In addition to acidity and alkalinity, many pesticide species cannot be mixed with drugs containing metal ions. Dithiocarbamate fungicides, 2,4-D salts herbicides mixed with copper agents can be complexed with copper ions and lose their activity. In addition to copper preparations, other preparations containing heavy metal ions such as iron, zinc, manganese, nickel and other preparations should also be used with special care.
2, to ensure good physical properties of the liquid EC formulations should have good emulsification after water. The mixture of the two types of emulsifiable concentrates also requires good emulsification performance, and can not exhibit poor emulsification or delamination, oil slick, or precipitation. The liquid mixture of wettable powders also requires a good suspension performance, and can not be flocculated or precipitated. Any obvious deterioration of the physical properties of compound liquids after mixing can not be mixed, so as to avoid the reduction of efficiency, failure or even cause injury. When the pesticide EC or wettable powder is processed and produced, it is only considered that the formulation has a good physical property with water, and it is impossible and practically impossible to use the formulation with any other preparation and the physical properties of the liquid are certain.
3, to ensure that the occurrence of adverse effects such as chemical damage and other chemical components of the active ingredients may produce phytotoxic substances, lime sulfur mixed with Bordeaux mixture can produce harmful copper sulfide, but also increased the soluble copper ions. The previously described dithiocarbamic bactericides produce harmful substances both in alkaline media and in combination with copper preparations. If the physical properties of the liquid are deteriorated due to mixed use, such as milky emulsion breakage and slick oil, it will certainly cause phytotoxicity. The diplodocus is used to control the alfalfa in paddy fields. Detoxification occurs because rice plants have an amidase that can decompose the active components of the dioscorea. Organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides inhibit this enzyme in rice. They cannot be used in combination with propellant. They cannot be used within 10 days before or after, otherwise they will cause phytotoxicity. They are amides such as butachlor, which is an amide. Herbicide varieties also have this problem.
4, pesticides should also note that:
1) The current use of single pesticides can be flexibly applied according to crop pest occurrence and control requirements. This is a technical requirement for the use of pesticides. However, pesticides that are often or commonly used are often mixed in pesticides. Mixtures generally speaking, the effective ingredients with a more scientific and reasonable, physical and chemical properties of the preparation should be better than the existing mixed, and some solid preparations such as powder, granules, mixed hard to be even, not as good as stereotypes mixture. Therefore, for the mixed application of the active ingredients of pesticides, both the ready-to-use and the mixture should be given equal weight.
2) Whether or not two pesticide preparations can be mixed are described in the books on the use of pesticides. There should be categories of pharmaceuticals that can be used together or not, as well as precautions when mixing. Before the pesticides are mixed, they should be consulted and have a good idea.
3) Mixed use of pesticides A "bucket mix" measure is popular in the developed countries, ie the pesticide preparation plant produces a single dose that can be used for tank mixing, and the tank mixing method is specified. When the pesticide is applied, the matched tank mix is ​​dispensed in the field. The site is blended with a motorized device or manually dispensed or directly into the drug storage tank of the pesticide application tractor. Therefore, there are several aspects of formulations of pesticides in foreign countries, including single doses, mixtures, and tank mixes. The tank mix can ensure the good physical properties of the mixture, and can also mix the active ingredients that are not suitable for the mixture. Our country now has a tank mix sold, such as 50% acetochlor EC 10% of the 10 dry suspension agent, 30% atrazine suspension Shibao 75% of the dry suspension agent.
4) The method of compounding the pesticide when mixing the liquid is generally to use a sufficient amount of water to first mix a single agent solution, and then use this solution to dilute another single agent; instead of mixing two single agents, Diluted with water to avoid adverse reactions, including destruction of active ingredients and deterioration of physical properties. In addition, the concentration of each active ingredient in the drug solution is calculated based on the total amount of the drug solution.
5) For the first time when two kinds of single-dose test properties are mixed, use a small amount of mixed liquid in a transparent glass container to observe whether there is oil floating, flocculation, precipitation or discoloration, heat generation, or generation. Bubbles and other abnormal phenomena. Where the liquid chemical shows chemical changes or the physical properties of the liquid have a vicious cycle, this kind of compounding is undesirable. If there is no problem with the compounding test, a mixed liquid can be used to perform the phytotoxicity test of a small area or a single plant in the field, and the concentration of the liquid can be higher than the actual concentration in the field. Initial observations ensure no phytotoxicity can occur. This compounding can be used in the field. In addition, even if there is more mature experience, it is better to do a preliminary test for the mixture of two single agents before large-scale application, because different manufacturers or the same manufacturer in different batches of the same product, quality and contain all kinds of The composition may change.
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