The water-saving irrigation machinery sowing technique is a new type of practical technology researched and developed by Jilin Province's agricultural machinery scientists and peasants. It is suitable for drought-resistant sowing in areas with an annual precipitation below 400 mm, severe early spring, poor soil moisture during planting, and easy-to-lose areas, such as Baicheng, Songyuan, and Siping (Shuangliao County) in the western part of Jilin Province. The sowing technique of walking water-saving irrigation machinery refers to using a small four-wheeled carriage or a carriage to put on a water tank, and hang the seeder on the back of the bucket or carriage. Insert the water pipe led from the water tank into the water-applying device of the seeder, and then realize the operations of ditching, water application, sowing, fertilizing and earth covering. The 2BSF series of walking water-saving irrigation mechanical seeder is jointly developed by China Agricultural University and Ganan County Agricultural Technology Extension Station. It can implement limited compensatory water supply for seed (seedling) beds, and can effectively relieve or release the key to crop water requirements. Phase (bud or seedling) needs. Can achieve - time seedling preservation seedlings, and Miao Qi, Miao Zhuang. Compared with the artificially sitting water species, the hectare saves 30 tons of water, saves 10.5 laborers, and saves more than 15 kilograms. It saves more than 450 yuan in ha, and the rate of increase in production is more than 15%. The effect of cost-saving production is obvious. First, mechanical ridging and boring technology of fine land preparation 1. Site ridging: After the harvest of the former crop, the land preparation equipment shall be used to complete the land conversion, rotary tillage, stubble removal, deep loosening, deep application of base fertilizer, and ridging operations. All smashed to the ground, length less than 5 cm, evenly buried in the soil, no obvious clods; depth of not less than 35 centimeters deep; base fertilizer applied under the ridge 15 centimeters; ridge according to local agronomic requirements, into The ridge width is 60-65 cm, the ridge height is 15-20 cm, and the ridge width is about 30 cm. The ridge should be straight, the ridge distance should be the same, and the ridge surface should be flat to reach the state of being broadcasted. 2. Introduction: In the poorly soiled plots, it is necessary to start the operation before sowing. In the ditch at the ditch with a deep loosening machine after the deep loose shovel with water pipe, while the water is loosely edged and cited. Water depth 25-30 cm. The amount of water applied is 30-50 cubic meters. Second, the seed treatment 1. Shai species: 3-5 days before sowing, choose a good breeze good weather, the seeds spread out in the sun 2-3 days, in order to break the seed dormancy, increase the germination potential and germination rate. 2. Seed coating: Use a suitable multi-functional seed coating agent to prevent seed systemic infestation, underground pests and rodent damage. To use the multi-functional seed coating agent that has been formally approved by the validation department and possessed the “three certificatesâ€, mix wet and evenly according to the ratio of medicine and seed of 1:50, and spread it after drying. Third, the walking water-saving irrigation machinery sowing technology adopts walking water-saving irrigation seeder - time to complete the water, sowing, fertilizing operations. 1. Two kinds of water application methods: one is to apply furrows to open furrows and apply water. The depth of the ditch is generally 6-10 cm and the width is 10-5 cm. One is to apply water under the seed bed and apply water under the top soil of the seed bed. The tip of the dung is adjusted to 3-5 cm below the tip of the ditch. Department. 2. Water application amount: The water application amount is determined according to the soil moisture content so that the soil moisture content meets the seedling emergence condition. Drought is heavy or the amount of soil applied to sandy soil is 60-90 cubic meters. Drought is lighter, and the amount of water applied is 30-60 cubic meters. 3. Mechanical sowing and deep seeding operation at the same time: (1) Mechanism sowing: 1 sowing time: 5-10 cm The stable temperature of the plough layer is 8°C, so it can be sowed. 2 Mechanical sowing: Maize was sowed by fine (small) amount, including semi-planting precision sowing, whole plant spacing precision sowing and semi-precision sowing. Sowing 1-3 seeds per hole. Soybeans are drilled, drilled, and seeded. Do not rebroadcast, no leakage. 3 Sowing amount: The specific sowing amount depends on the variety and 100-grain weight. The actual and theoretical broadcast errors are less than 5%. Fine (less) amount of sowing: corn sowing hectares 20 to 45 kg; soybean sowing amount of 35 to 0 kg. 4 sowing depth: corn sowing depth of 2.5-3.5 cm, soybean sowing depth of 3-5 cm, consistent sowing depth. 5 line spacing: The broadcast line should be straight and the line spacing should be the same. Within a range of 50 meters in length, the deviation of the straightness is less than 5 cm; the deviation of the actual line spacing from the specified line spacing is less than 2 cm; the adjacent line spacing between the playing frames is less than 4 cm. 6 Drift rate: The drift rate of applying water sowing is less than 5%. 7 Seed damage rate: Seed damage rate is less than 1%. (Mechanical) (2) Deep mechanical seed fertilizer: The deep application methods of seed fertilizer can be divided into two types: positive deep application and deep lateral application. 1 positive depth: Fertilizer applied just below the seed bed. The soil barrier between fertilizers and seeds should be 6-8 cm. The fertilizer applied in the broadcast was consistent with the seed depth, the width of the fertilizer belt was slightly larger than the width of the seed row, and the amount of fertilizer applied satisfies the agronomic requirements for the sowing of the crop. 2 deep side position: fertilizer applied to the side of the seed bed. Fertilizer and seed soil should be 6-8 cm apart. The width of the fat belt is not less than 3 cm, and the strips are even and continuous. The chemical fertilizers applied in the sowing are consistent with the depth of the seeds, and there are no obvious broken strips or leakages. The amount of fertilizer applied meets the agronomic requirements for crop sowing. Fourth, repression technology 1. After the sowing, the seedlings were repressed with a heavy roller. According to the soil moisture content, the repressive strength is generally about 300-700 g/cm2. Poor after sowing, can be used to suppress the strength of a small, poor use of strong depression suppression. 2. The centerline of the repressor coincides with the centerline of the seedbed. The deviation must not exceed 4 cm. 3, Repression time: After sowing, 3-5 hours after sowing, repression, repression to the soil does not form a hard cover or compaction affect the emergence of seedlings is appropriate. 5. Herbicidal weeding techniques 1. Spraying chemical herbicides with airborne large and medium-sized spray equipment to ensure adequate water supply. 2. Chemical weeding: Corn field, closed soil within one week after sowing, and selection of Atrazine rubber suspension The agent is mixed with acetochlor EC (or metolachlor) and the soil is sprayed with water. Post-emergence weed control: In the 2 to 4 leaf stage of weeds, shoots and leaves of water are sprayed with Atrazine emulsifiable concentrate. Plots with high soil organic matter content use high doses earlier than dry, whereas low doses are used. In the soybean field, closed soil was used within one week after sowing, and 50% acetochlor, 72% metolachlor, 90% oxalamide, 48% alachlor and other herbicides were used alone, and the conventional amount or hectare was used as 50. % Propanafloxacine wettable powder 0.12-0.18 liters plus 72% Isopolachlor EC 1.5-3.0 liters, pre-plant soil spray treatment. Post-emergence weed control: When the broad-leaved weeds are in the 2-4 leaf stage, 48% of the spruce is applied to 2.5 to 3 liters of hectares and 600 kilograms of water is sprayed for the first time; stems and leaves are sprayed; At the same time, hectares use 12.5% ​​dilute to 1.5 liters, or 5% quizalofop 0.75 to 1 litre, 600 kilograms of water for the second stem and leaf spray. Spraying should be uniform, do not re-spray, do not leak spray. Sixth, mechanical coating technology 1. Mechanical coating is suitable for operation below level 6 wind. 2. The width of the mulching film is ridge width plus 20 cm to 25 cm. 3. Closed mulch film. The depth of the trench is 8 to 10 cm, the thickness of the earth covering is more than 5 cm, the width of the earth covering is 10 cm, the deviation is 2 cm, and the covering is uniform and continuous. Every 2 meters or so, add a piece of earth in the middle of the film to avoid getting the wind out of the film. 4. Folding of the plastic film is less than 3 cm. 5. Mechanical coating film damage rate is less than 1% 0 6. Residual film recovery. Before spring plowing the following year, the residual film was cleared and the cleaning rate was greater than 80%. Seventh, mechanical cultivator deep top-dressing and replenishing technology cultivator deep-force fertilizer to adopt ridge and trench deep fertilizer operation mode. When fertilizing with fertilizers, the fertilization position is based on the intersection of crops and ridges. The fertilizer is applied on the side of the crop 15 cm, the fertilization depth is 8 to 10 cm, and the width of the fertilizer zone is greater than 8 cm. No break or missing device. During replenishing culturing, the water-saving irrigation seeder is used to move the sowing device and the watering device is moved sideways. The water supply position is based on the intersection of the crop and the ridge, and the water is replenished on the side of the crop by 20 cm. The replenishing depth is 15 to 20 In centimeters, the amount of water applied is 30-60 cubic meters.