National corn quality standards in China

Our national quality standards corn Source: Category: Technical Articles Update Time: 2008-11-19 18:16:26 Read 29 times national quality standards in China there are three corn, are the most basic of corn GB, feed and corn GB Industrial corn national standard. These three standards are related to each other and have their own characteristics. Maize GB is a universal standard for corn and is widely used in the acquisition, storage, transportation, processing, and sale of commodity corn. The feed corn standards and industrial corn standards are more targeted, and there are some changes and adjustments based on the national standard of corn. The common denominator of these three criteria is moisture, impurities, imperfect grains, and moldy grains as the main indicators for measuring corn quality; the difference lies in that in addition to the main indicators such as bulk density, the feed corn also increases crude protein. Technical indicators, while industrial corn is abandoning the index of weight, and instead using starch indicators to determine.
On the whole, bulk density, impurities, moisture, imperfect grain, and mold grain index are the most basic and important indicators for measuring corn quality, and they are widely representative and authoritative.
Differences in Maize Quality in Different Areas of China

In normal years, the bulk density of corn in northeastern Inner Mongolia is the highest, and the quality of corn in Tongliao and Chifeng is basically more than second, and the first grade accounts for 90%; 70% or more of Jilin corn is second grade; the quality of corn in Heilongjiang is normal, 60%-70 % can reach third grade; Liaoning corn can reach 20%, 80% can reach 3rd grade. However, the bulk density of corn is greatly affected by the year. For example, due to weather conditions in 2003, the water content of corn was large and the bulk density was reduced. The second-class corn in Jilin Province only accounted for about 50% of the total output. Most of the corn in Heilongjiang Province was for other purposes.
In normal years, corn in northern China's Shandong and Hebei provinces is basically above the second-class.

Moisture In normal years, moisture in the northeastern region is 28% to 30% when corn is harvested, and 35% to 40% when the season is bad. Inner Mongolia corn has a slightly lower moisture content, generally around 24%, sometimes reaching 27%-28%. In North China, the moisture content of corn is low when it is harvested, mostly in the range of 18%-20%, and the temperature is higher than that in the northeastern region. Generally, it can reach 15% or less within 5-6 days of drying. In normal years, the corn moisture in Hebei is about 16%-18%, and the moisture in Shandong corn is about 14%-16%.

Impurities in northeastern corn due to the use of machine drying, less impurities, generally not more than 1%, and some areas even less than 0.5% of impurities. Corn in North China is dried naturally, and impurities are incorporated during the drying process. Therefore, corn in northern China has a high level of impurities, sometimes exceeding 1%.

During the drying process, corn grains in the northeastern region of the imperfect grain can easily break due to rapid precipitation. Mechanical operations also increase the proportion of crushing particles. At the same time, drying causes increased thermal damage to the grains. Therefore, crushing grains are generally higher than 5%. After drying corn through a series of links such as storage, storage, and port transportation, broken grains will increase to 8%.
Corn in North China is naturally air-dried, and there are fewer broken kernels, which are basically controlled within 5% and only slightly better than 2%. In the case of spot purchases, the general rule is that the total number of imperfect grains cannot exceed 5%.

During the harvest period, the moisture content of corn in the northeast region of the mold is very high. If there is much rain during the harvest period, and the storage and storage of the corn after harvesting are poor, the corn mold will easily appear. When the year is not good, most corn mold grains will exceed 2%. Small-scale farmers are limited by the storage environment and storage technology and cannot strictly store and ventilate according to the standards. Therefore, the percentage of moldy grains in northeastern corn after April will increase significantly. The content of mold grain in Inner Mongolia corn was low, and it was not more than 2% at most; Liaoning was slightly higher; Heilongjiang corn was uneven in moisture and highest in mold grain.


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