The main reason for the occurrence of bad seeds in harvested crop seeds is low temperature chilling. The worst crops in our province due to low temperature chilling mainly include corn, rice, and peanuts. In the favorable conditions of late fall and early winter, the seed moisture is reduced and the seeds can be safely overwintering. The following describes the precipitation storage methods of the above crop seeds:
Corn: When the corn seed content is 19%-20%, freezing injury occurs at a low temperature of minus 12°C-18°C. Before winter, the moisture content of the seeds dropped below 16%, so that winter can be safely passed. Corn seeds must be stored in the ear, and they can be naturally dried by depositing them in the stack and safely overwintering. However, it is required to select ventilation sites and maintain ventilation conditions. The stack should not be too large, the width should not exceed 1.5 meters, and the bottom of the stack should be filled with 0.5 meters. If the seed moisture exceeds 20% when it is put into the stack, it should be poured 7-10 days later, and the outer dry ears should be poured into the middle, and the middle should be wet to the outside. If the natural air-drying can not bring down the moisture of the corn in time, it can be heated and dried in the flue-cured tobacco house or fire pot. The heating temperature is generally higher than the temperature of about 10 °C, the maximum temperature of the surface should not exceed 40 °C, so as not to lose the germination of seeds by hot. Spread the thickness of the ear of corn should not exceed 35 cm, and should always turn. The dried corn seeds are heated and cooled gradually, then transferred to normal storage.
Rice: There are two main forms of rice seed storage in winter. The first is the warehouse storage, which requires that the seed moisture be reduced to below 18% by the beginning of November, and the moisture should be reduced to 14% before the end of December. The temperature of the warehouse should be kept steady to avoid the hot and cold; the other method is closed Insulation storage, there are three methods for storage: (1) 囤 囤 囤 囤. In the outer layer of the rice seed pods, another layer of rice seeds is enclosed, and two layers of rice hulls are filled with 30-50 cm thick rice husks or other foods to insulate them. (2) Storage around piles. Use a sack filled with other foods to create a “wallâ€. Put the rice seeds in the middle and press the food on the top; or pile rice seeds or bags of rice seeds on the mat, and then cover the outside with mats, and then press on the outside of the seed heap. A layer of 0.5 meters above the dry straw insulation. (3) Cellar. Choose a high-drying place, dig into a rectangular or circular cellar (1.5-2 meters deep, not more than 2 meters wide), fill the bottom of the cellar and the surrounding grass curtains, put the mats and then put them into the rice seeds, and the rice seeds cover the mats. Cover soil 30-60 cm. In general, the seeds enter the pit during the alternation of freezing (from about the end of October to the beginning of November), and the seeds are released when the temperature reaches 0-2°C (early April of the following year). After the temperature rises in the spring, it is necessary to promptly dry the water in order to prevent the seeds from being heated and mildewed.
Peanut: The peanut seed germination rate begins to drop at minus 10°C when the water content is 13%, and it can safely winter when the water content is below 8.5%. After the peanuts are harvested, they must be promptly air dried. Overwintering generally uses small larvae for storage. Choose outdoor ventilation and dry place, put up 30-50 centimeters, spread with a sash tray made of tree bar, and then use a tree curtain to form a small width of about 1 meter, the upper cover tight. On cloudy or snowy days, weeds are placed on the outside of the enclosure. On sunny days, we must remove the straw and make the seeds dry and dry. If the seeds are kept indoors for winter, the moisture should be reduced to less than 9% before entering the room. If the seed has a high moisture content, it should be regularly discharged from the warehouse.
Corn: When the corn seed content is 19%-20%, freezing injury occurs at a low temperature of minus 12°C-18°C. Before winter, the moisture content of the seeds dropped below 16%, so that winter can be safely passed. Corn seeds must be stored in the ear, and they can be naturally dried by depositing them in the stack and safely overwintering. However, it is required to select ventilation sites and maintain ventilation conditions. The stack should not be too large, the width should not exceed 1.5 meters, and the bottom of the stack should be filled with 0.5 meters. If the seed moisture exceeds 20% when it is put into the stack, it should be poured 7-10 days later, and the outer dry ears should be poured into the middle, and the middle should be wet to the outside. If the natural air-drying can not bring down the moisture of the corn in time, it can be heated and dried in the flue-cured tobacco house or fire pot. The heating temperature is generally higher than the temperature of about 10 °C, the maximum temperature of the surface should not exceed 40 °C, so as not to lose the germination of seeds by hot. Spread the thickness of the ear of corn should not exceed 35 cm, and should always turn. The dried corn seeds are heated and cooled gradually, then transferred to normal storage.
Rice: There are two main forms of rice seed storage in winter. The first is the warehouse storage, which requires that the seed moisture be reduced to below 18% by the beginning of November, and the moisture should be reduced to 14% before the end of December. The temperature of the warehouse should be kept steady to avoid the hot and cold; the other method is closed Insulation storage, there are three methods for storage: (1) 囤 囤 囤 囤. In the outer layer of the rice seed pods, another layer of rice seeds is enclosed, and two layers of rice hulls are filled with 30-50 cm thick rice husks or other foods to insulate them. (2) Storage around piles. Use a sack filled with other foods to create a “wallâ€. Put the rice seeds in the middle and press the food on the top; or pile rice seeds or bags of rice seeds on the mat, and then cover the outside with mats, and then press on the outside of the seed heap. A layer of 0.5 meters above the dry straw insulation. (3) Cellar. Choose a high-drying place, dig into a rectangular or circular cellar (1.5-2 meters deep, not more than 2 meters wide), fill the bottom of the cellar and the surrounding grass curtains, put the mats and then put them into the rice seeds, and the rice seeds cover the mats. Cover soil 30-60 cm. In general, the seeds enter the pit during the alternation of freezing (from about the end of October to the beginning of November), and the seeds are released when the temperature reaches 0-2°C (early April of the following year). After the temperature rises in the spring, it is necessary to promptly dry the water in order to prevent the seeds from being heated and mildewed.
Peanut: The peanut seed germination rate begins to drop at minus 10°C when the water content is 13%, and it can safely winter when the water content is below 8.5%. After the peanuts are harvested, they must be promptly air dried. Overwintering generally uses small larvae for storage. Choose outdoor ventilation and dry place, put up 30-50 centimeters, spread with a sash tray made of tree bar, and then use a tree curtain to form a small width of about 1 meter, the upper cover tight. On cloudy or snowy days, weeds are placed on the outside of the enclosure. On sunny days, we must remove the straw and make the seeds dry and dry. If the seeds are kept indoors for winter, the moisture should be reduced to less than 9% before entering the room. If the seed has a high moisture content, it should be regularly discharged from the warehouse.
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