There are many types of pesticides, and each pesticide has different types of dosage forms. Different types of pesticides require different methods of application. Appropriate application methods can not only improve control efficiency, reduce costs, but also reduce environmental pollution and improve safety. It is very important to master the correct application methods of commonly used pesticide formulations, which are briefly described as follows:
First, the emulsifiable concentrate is prepared by dissolving each other with a certain amount of emulsifier and organic solvent. The emulsified oil has strong permeability and good dispersibility, and it becomes emulsion when diluted with water. Its application methods are:
1. Spray method. The emulsifiable concentrate is diluted with water to a desired concentration and sprayed uniformly onto the crop or other control object using a sprayer. The amount of spraying is sufficient to moisten the leaves and the liquid does not flow down from the leaves.
2. Seed soaking method. Dilute the emulsifiable concentrate with water to soak the seeds. When soaking seeds, the seeds can be placed in a coarse cloth bag or gauze bag, first placed in clean water for pre-soaking, and then drained and immersed in a matching liquid. When soaking, pay attention to the concentration of soaking seed, soaking temperature and soaking time.
3. Seed dressing method. The pesticide and seeds are evenly mixed to kill pathogens and pests on the seeds. Mix the seeds while spraying, continue to turn until the seeds are all wet, and then cover the membrane for a few hours before replanting.
Second, the powder will be mixed with pesticides and clay or clay crush. Powders are not easily wetted by water, cannot be dispersed and suspended in water, and therefore cannot be sprayed on water. Its application methods are:
1. Powder spraying method. The powder is uniformly sprayed on the crop or control object using a duster. Powder particles can flutter in the air, so dusting should be carried out when there is no wind on a sunny day, and small winds in the morning and early evening are the best times for dusting. The amount of dusting should be uniform, and the leaves should be slightly powdery, but there is no powder on the leaves. In the seedling stage of crop growth, dusting should not be used.
2. Seed dressing method. A certain amount of powder pesticide is mixed with the seed and mixed well and sowed to prevent the pathogen attached to the seed and the underground pests and seedling diseases.
3. Toxic soil method. Dust and fine soils are mixed into toxic soils for furrowing (sinking), spreading (seeding) or mixing with seeds. When applied to the ground, it requires moist soil.
Third, the wettable powder consists of a water-soluble original drug, a humectant, and a filler that are mixed and crushed together. Can be diluted with water to a certain concentration of emulsion, its efficacy longer than the powder, but poorer than the emulsion. Its application methods are: 1 spray method (the same as before); 2 soaking method (the same as before); 3 splash pouring method: the - quantitative wettable powder is added to a larger amount of water for pouring.
Fourth, water agent, also known as water solvent, is dissolved in water by the original drug directly dissolved in water plus a small amount of surfactant preparation. The liquid agent is not easy to store, has poor wettability, and is not easily adhered to the surface of the plant, and is sprayed with water when used.
Fifth, the granules are added to the granular carrier with the original drug, and a granular agent made of a water-soluble coating is added. The granules have large particle size, fast falling speed, little influence by wind, and are suitable for soil treatment and paddy field application; granules gradually release medicaments, have long drug efficacy period, and have smaller dosage, so they can also be used for the heart of various crops. Apply medicine.
Sixth, the smoke agent from the pesticide raw materials, fuel, oxidants, combustion additives and other mixed. Its application method is to ignite fumigation. Because the smoke will quickly dissipate when it encounters wind, it can only be used in closed or closed windless environments such as warehouses, greenhouses and greenhouses.
Casting difference:
Powder powders are not easily soluble in water, and generally cannot be sprayed with water. Low-concentration powders are used for dusting, and high-concentration powders are used for the preparation of poisonous soils, baits, seed dressings and soil treatments. The powder is easy to use and has high efficacy. It should be used in the morning or evening without wind or breeze.
Wettable powders have good hygroscopicity and can be dispersed and suspended in water after adding water. Can be used for spraying, bait and soil treatment.
Soluble powder (water solvent) can spray or splash water directly.
Emulsion (also known as slick) emulsions are emulsions after adding water, which can be used for spraying, splashing, seed dressing, soaking, poisoning soil, smearing, and dressing.
Ultra-low-volume preparations (oils) are used directly as sprays. They are specially formulated pesticides for ultra-low-volume sprays and cannot be used when used. Such as trichlorfon oil, marathon oil and so on.
Granules and microgranules are pesticide formulations made of pesticides and fillers that are not susceptible to phytotoxicity.
Slow release of pesticides used when the pesticide release, can effectively extend the efficacy period, so the residual period of extension, and reduce pollution and toxicity, usage is generally the same granules.
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