Rape no-till cultivation technology

(1) Ditching and drainage before sowing

7-10 days before the harvest of late rice, open the ditch well, release the water to dry the field and hard board, and when the rice is harvested, the field surface is hard but not dry, wet and not rotten. The whole mud shall be used to cut the rice. Place it down and place the ditched mud on both sides of the hoe, and open it when fertilizing. At the same time, open the waist ditch to achieve deep ditch height and facilitate field management.

Since no-tillage rapeseed fields have not been plowed and there are many weeds, comprehensive measures should be adopted for control. The first is a reasonable crop rotation. Second, weeding with soil. The third is early weeding and weeding. The fourth is chemical control. Before and after sowing, we can use chlorazone, Roundup, etc. for biocidal control; before sowing, use Dahuili, butachlor, acetochlor (Wernas), and kill Weeds such as grass dan and green wheat are completed within 3 days after sowing; after emergence or transplanting the field, weed control should be carried out before wintering (end of December). Weeds, Gortex control broad-leaved weeds.

(Three) seeding and transplanting technology

1. There are two commonly used methods for sowing: one is the sowing method, which is to open the hoe with a width of 1.5 to 2.0 meters after the rice is harvested, the trench width is 20 cm, and the depth is 20-25 cm. According to the row spacing of 30 to 35 cm, a small seeding trough with a depth of 2 to 3 cm is opened along the width of the beech. Then apply enough organic base fertilizer along the trough direction, and pour a few holes of water according to the feelings. If the feelings are good, you can avoid watering, and then sprinkle seeds to sow and cover the gray manure. After emergence, seedlings are kept at a distance of 10 to 15 cm. Another method is hole sowing. The spacing between rows is 30-35 cm, the hole spacing is 15 cm, the number of holes is 8000 to 10,000, the depth of the hole is 3 cm, 5 to 6 seeds per hole, and 1 to 2 seedlings are retained. .

2. Transplanting technology Most of the no-till rapes are late-stubble types. To achieve high yields, it is necessary to promote seedling transplanting, and to plant early in time. There are two methods for transplanting no-till rape: one is the iron milling method, which is "mill a seam, two seedlings on both ends, press the soil in the middle, and then step on one foot, don't forget to determine the root water"; the other is The method is a strip planting method. A triangular trench with a depth of 13 cm is created according to the row spacing. A base fertilizer is applied to the trench, and rape is planted, and the root water is poured.

(4) Reasonable dense planting

Because no-tillage and direct-seeded rapeseed is planted later, the vegetative growth period is shorter, and the number of knots per plant is less. Therefore, by increasing the density to ensure yield, under high-fertilization conditions, it is advisable to set 15,000-20,000 seedlings per acre; under medium-fertilized conditions, about 25,000 seedlings. Regarding no-tillage transplanting rapeseed, since strong seedlings have been cultivated in the seedling stage and the growth season has not been delayed, the transplanting density per acre should be 10,000 to 12,000 plants. Fertilizer fields, dry crops and fertilization levels should be appropriately diluted Some, while lean seedlings, thin fields, late planting and fertilization levels are low and appropriate.

(5) Scientific fertilization to prevent premature aging

The effective nutrients of no-tillage fields are concentrated on the surface layer, and the fertilizer supply capacity is strong in the early stage, and it is prone to deferment and premature senescence in the later stage. Therefore, to adhere to the principle of equal emphasis on base fertilizer and topdressing, the proportion of topdressing should be 50% to 60%. Medium and high-grade fertile fields require 15 kg of pure nitrogen per mu, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is 1: 0.5: 0.75-0.9. The base fertilizer should be multi-purpose soil fertilizer, top dressing according to "early application of seedling fertilizer, heavy application of wax fertilizer, early application of manure fertilizer, clever application of flower fertilizer". Do not apply chemical nitrogen fertilizer at the flowering stage to reduce the occurrence of sclerotinia. Spray once with potassium dihydrogen phosphate and boron fertilizer in the early flowering period to prevent premature aging.

(Six) diligent farming

Since no-till rape fields are not plowed, the soil is more compact and weeds are much. Therefore, the seedlings must be cultivated frequently, usually 2 to 3 times, to eliminate weeds, loosen the soil, and raise the soil to the roots to promote root growth.

Disclaimer: Some articles on this website are transferred from the Internet. If third party legal rights are involved, please inform this website to deal with them. phone