(1) The selection of sunflowers is highly adaptable to the soil, and is most suitable for sandy soil or loamy soil with deep soil layer, high humus content, and pH of 6-8. With the exception of sugar beets and deep-rooted forages, other crops can be used as a forerunner. (2) Applying basic fertilizer to sunflower requires more fertilizer. For each 100 kilograms of seeds, 6 kg of nitrogen, 2.6 kg of phosphorus, and 8.6 kg of potassium are absorbed from the soil. Apply sufficient base fertilizer before sowing, 30 cubic meters of soil manure per hectare, 150 kg of diammonium phosphate, 150 kg of potassium sulfate and 100 kg of urea as base fertilizer. (3) Suitable sowing At present, the fine varieties promoted in large areas include: the oil type variety Hungarian No. 4, the edible variety Changling Ogaki and Sandaomei. These three varieties are resistant to disease, lodging, and tolerance. , salt and alkali resistance and high yield characteristics. Hungarian No. 4 was broadcasted in due course and planted in the middle and early May. After the flowering and pollination period was delayed, it avoided the high temperature and rainy season, which was conducive to the pollination of vector insects and could greatly reduce the empty shell rate; It should be broadcast in due course so as to prevent late-maturing lust and cut production. (4) It is advisable to densely plant high culms and large grain varieties suitable for dilute, dwarf and small grain varieties, and for oil-used varieties, 25000--3000 strains per hectare, and 18000--20000 strains for edible varieties. (E) Inter-tillage weeding early sparse seedlings, early set seedlings and early spade shovel. When the sunflower seedlings spread out two true leaves, they shoveled their heads. (6) Prevention and pest control When the temperature reaches 18--20°C, use 30--45kg of pentachloronitrobenzene per hectare, add 150--225kg of moist fine sand, and spread it evenly on the ground of the sunflower field. On the other hand, it inhibited the germination of Sclerotinia and gave it 15 days later. In early August, during the occurrence period of sunflower larvae, 90% trichlorfon could be sprayed 500 times and sprayed for 2 to 3 times to prevent sunflower pods. (7) Timely top-dressing sunflower bud to flowering period, chase urea 150 kg per hectare, ditch application or hole application; spraying 0.2%--0.4% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1--2 times in blooming period. In the later period of fertility, nitrogen fertilizer is generally no longer applied. (8) Appropriate amount of water shall be filled at the right time and in the right amount in the formation stage, flowering stage and filling stage of the sunflower disk. (9) Timely snoring During the flowering period, all the net branches and lateral branches should be removed to ensure the nutritional requirements of the main stem disk. (10) The auxiliary pollination sunflower is a cross-pollination crop. If the bee source is insufficient, artificial pollination should be performed. There are two ways to do this: One is to use powder puffs to pollinate, that is, first cut hard paper into a round shape, slightly smaller than the ordinary flower pan, and put cotton on it, then wrap it with gauze or flannel, and tie it with a rope. Use a powder puff to gently rub a few times on a faceplate, and then gently rub on another faceplate. The other is the flower disk contact method, in the sunflower flowering period, the two adjacent disk face to face gently rub a few times, you can achieve the purpose of pollination, generally pollination can be 2 - 3 times, pollination time Every day at 9-11 am.
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