The management and maintenance of peanuts in the middle and late stages of growth are very important, affecting the effect of increasing peanut production.
First, the leaf spray "three fat"
Peanuts are legumes, like phosphorus, molybdenum and boron. In the late growth and development of peanuts, the method of applying fertilizers outside the roots can be adopted. Through the absorption function of stems and leaves, the “three fertilizersâ€, ie, phosphorus, molybdenum, and boron fertilizers, are sprayed on the leaves, generally increasing the yield of pods by 8% to 15%.
1.Spraying Phosphorus:Spray superphosphate in the later middle stage of peanuts, spray once every 7-10 days, and spray 2 or 3 times. Specific approach: 1.5 to 2 kg of superphosphate mixed with 50 kg of water, soaked for 24 hours after mixing, the use of filter solution, 60 to 75 kg per acre spray fertilizer. If the flower growth potential is weak, 150-200 grams of urea can be mixed and sprayed.
2. Spray molybdenum: In the peanut flowering period or the next needle crusting period, mu 150-200 g ammonium molybdate, watered 60-75 kg, foliar spray 1 or 2 times, each time interval of 6 to 8 days. If you add 2% to 4% of calcium superphosphate clarifier mixed spray, the effect is better.
3. Boron spray: 100-150 grams of borax with mu, with a small amount of hot water after the open, watered 50 to 60 kg, spraying 1 or 2 times. The spraying of peanut leaves must be paid attention to, in the morning dew, noon high temperature and rainy days do not spray; spraying should be uniform.
Second, clever flower fertilizer
The absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium from the initial flowering period to the individual flowering period is about 22% to 33% of the whole growth period; the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is 42% and 50%, respectively, during the setting period. , 66%. If the leaves are light yellow and small, the leaf veins are chlorotic, which is a manifestation of nitrogen deficiency, and 15 to 20 kilograms of N fertilizer should be harvested; the plants have poor fertility, and the leaves are blue-green and curl upwards. This is a deficiency of phosphorus, which can be used to recover Diammonium phosphate. 7.6 ~ 10 kg; leaves were dark green, dry edges, young stems and leaves yellow, weak roots, is the performance of potassium deficiency, can be 10 to 15 kg of potassium fertilizer or 50 to 100 kg of plant ash. If the plants grow slowly, the empty shell rate is high, due to calcium deficiency, Mu should recover 40 to 50 kg of lime.
Third, the soil to meet the needle
Before a large number of fruit needles were introduced into the soil and the fields were newly sealed and ridged, a small number of fruit needles had been placed in the soil, and the soil should be promptly treated with a needle. The methods and requirements for earth-cultivation are: deep squat tug, deep sulcus, shallow gill back, gully not to hurt the roots, mulching soil without pressure, cultivating narrow ditch, ridge fat, steep slope, concave concave M-shaped, high-section The fruit is firmly rooted in the soil to create conditions.
Four, watering and drainage
The suitable soil moisture during the mid-fertility of peanuts is 60% to 70% of field water capacity. If the soil moisture content is less than 50%, it should be immediately watered, and the use of sprinkler irrigation or small water fast furrow irrigation is better. Avoid flood irrigation, and stop the irrigation above level 4. In addition, if the soil moisture exceeds 80% of the maximum water capacity in the field, drainage must be performed.
V. Prevention of pests and diseases
1. Leaf spot (including brown spot and black spot): In the initial stage of disease, use any of the following agents, spray once every 10-15 days, spray 2 or 3 times continuously. (1) 80% of zixi wettable powder 150 g watered 60 kg; (2) mu using 1:2:200 times Bordeaux mixture 60 ~ 75 kg; (3) mu 50% carbendazim can be used Wet powder 30-40 grams watered 60 kg; (4) 50% thiophanate WP 30 gram water 60 kg.
2. Hummer: Peanut damage occurs in peanuts and it can be sprayed with 1000 times liquid Legranate emulsion. When the plutonium rate reaches 20% to 30%, and 100 plants have 1,000 pupae, they can spray 15% dimethoate 1.5-2.5 kg per acre when the leaves are closed in the morning or evening.
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