Wenyu is a kind of marine shellfish with high economic value. It is tender and delicious and nutritious. It is the top grade product of Suizhong and it is one of the fresh aquatic products exported by China. Hepu County, Guangxi Province is near Beibu Gulf. The water quality is fresh, and there has been many years of history in the development of clam culture. However, due to the lack of funds, low technical level, and the aging of the farm after breeding for many years, the survival rate of the culture is low, and diseases occur from time to time, resulting in a decline in production and failure of some clams. The loss has restricted the healthy development of the Wenyu aquaculture industry in our county. In order to change this situation as soon as possible, our county implemented the “Wenyi high-yield and high-efficiency breeding comprehensive technology†project from January 1999 to January 2001. The two-year plan promoted the cultivation of 82,817 mu of mandarin ducks, with a total output of 173,453 tons, and an average annual yield of 2094.4 kilograms. Through the implementation of the project, a set of high-yield aquaculture technology with strong operability has been concluded. The technology is introduced as follows:
I. Selection and construction of breeding sites
1. The selection of aquaculture sites depends on the ecological habits of the clams and the specifications of the new seedlings to be planted, and has a lot to do with the growth, survival rate, and flight rate of clams. Wenyu has the habit of gradually moving to a low-tide area or a lower-lying shallow water area as it grows, showing the different characteristics of the lake area with different sizes of individuals. Breeding the lake area is too high, dry for a long time, and the feeding time is short. When the growth is slow, the dry period of the lake area and low-tide area is slow, and the long-life bait is long and grows quickly. Therefore, we should choose small waves, smooth flow, rich biological feed, good water quality, away from pollution sources, sandy bottom or sandy mud, sediment-bearing rate of 60-80%, flat wide beach, sea water in the 1.010-1.025 Between the construction of the middle and low tide sea area.
2. Farm construction
(1) The site is plowed. Since the clam farm has a fence, affecting the flushing of the site, and accumulating over time, the organic matter on the site increases year by year, and the sediment will be contaminated by different procedures. Therefore, after years of cultivation, the clams must be improved. The specific approach: When the tide tide low tide organizes the manpower to use the shovel or the hoe, will turn the surface layer of 10-15cm upturned, make use of tidal changes to make the bottom scouring effectively. The sedimentation of substantia retina is usually increased by one field tillage. If sediment deposition is severe, plowing can be performed 2-3 times.
(2) Market construction. 1 Build anti-escape facilities. The strict establishment of aquaculture sites is the key to ensuring that the Chinese pupae are not lost during the breeding process. The general breeding site is surrounded by double-layer nets with an inner mesh of 2.5cm and an outer mesh of 4cm. There are two types of stakes for the construction site: one is 1.5m to 2.0m in length, and the Other is 6cm to 8cm in diameter to support the mesh; the other is a short pile with a length of 40cm and a diameter of 3.0-45cm. It is used to fix the buried mesh and the site for pulling and driving. 2 rationale network method. Dig a trench of 25-30cm deep along the edge of the scheduled site, and straighten the side of the mesh to the inside of the ditch by means of a rope. After every 0.8m along the ditch, hit a short pile to fix the net and bury it in the sand. The net is 0.7m-1.2m above the beach, and long piles are staggered on the two sides of the net in an “person†shape and inserted obliquely into the beach at 50cm to 60cm with a pile spacing of 1.5m. Use a string that passes through the mesh to “8†the knot around the long pile to maintain the same height as the mesh. 3 breeding site pull wire. The clam has a habit of migration, and often forms a viscous wave band by its own secretions, which moves along the ebb flow direction. The role of the field cable is to “cut off†the formation of the sticky wave band, to prevent the Python from moving to a large number of clusters to the side of the fence. Pull the line method: In the site is suitable for the vertical direction of the short-pile piles in the direction of the trend, to "well" shape pull line, line from beach 3-5cm. After the cable is pulled out of the site, most of the clams are concentrated on the line, under the pile, and on the edge of the network. The distribution of clams in the entire culture site is relatively uniform. In places where wire is not pulled, there are a large number of clams in the low-tide fence. This situation is not conducive to food intake and respiration. It hinders normal growth of the clams and even results in the death of clams.
Second, seedling stocking
1. The seedlings were selected to have a strong ability to dig sediments, a light surface, no damage, and a disease-free Wenzhou seedlings. The specifications were 140 to 200/kg. The local seedlings are the main, and field seedlings require that the water quality of the seedlings be close to that of the farm environment.
2. Stocking Density Stocking densities are determined according to the lake area at the site where the clams are farmed. In the mid-tide area, 140-200/kg seedlings are broadcast and about 400 kg per mu are planted. In the low-tide zone, 140 seedlings/kg are played in the farm. Broadcast 88kg.
3, sowing seedlings are usually carried out before the high tide, seedlings should be evenly broadcast on the beach surface, if the temperature is higher, should be selected on cloudy days or dawn, evening. Damaged or dead seedlings should not be sown in farms. The operation should be light when sowing, so as not to damage the ligaments and shells and affect the survival rate of the culture.
Third, the development of management in the daily management of literary and cultural development is very important. After ebb tide, strong wind wave or typhoon storm, we must promptly check whether the stakes and fences are dumped or damaged, and find that they are lifted and lifted in time to find reinforcements. We find that the nets are broken and repaired in time to prevent the files from escaping; mud or silt is found The site should be cleared in time; storms roll piles of clams and the density is too high, and they must be evacuated in time, especially during the summer hot season, so as to avoid killing the clams; against predators such as fish, crabs, and birds. The echinoderms should be collected or driven regularly; the dynamite that has died should be removed in time to prevent the pollution of the mudflats; daily monitoring of water temperature, specific gravity, and water quality should be done; the growth of the cricket should be regularly measured, and the problems should be promptly taken measures; Stealing, looting, preventing people from disturbing and berthing the ship, keeping the site quiet
I. Selection and construction of breeding sites
1. The selection of aquaculture sites depends on the ecological habits of the clams and the specifications of the new seedlings to be planted, and has a lot to do with the growth, survival rate, and flight rate of clams. Wenyu has the habit of gradually moving to a low-tide area or a lower-lying shallow water area as it grows, showing the different characteristics of the lake area with different sizes of individuals. Breeding the lake area is too high, dry for a long time, and the feeding time is short. When the growth is slow, the dry period of the lake area and low-tide area is slow, and the long-life bait is long and grows quickly. Therefore, we should choose small waves, smooth flow, rich biological feed, good water quality, away from pollution sources, sandy bottom or sandy mud, sediment-bearing rate of 60-80%, flat wide beach, sea water in the 1.010-1.025 Between the construction of the middle and low tide sea area.
2. Farm construction
(1) The site is plowed. Since the clam farm has a fence, affecting the flushing of the site, and accumulating over time, the organic matter on the site increases year by year, and the sediment will be contaminated by different procedures. Therefore, after years of cultivation, the clams must be improved. The specific approach: When the tide tide low tide organizes the manpower to use the shovel or the hoe, will turn the surface layer of 10-15cm upturned, make use of tidal changes to make the bottom scouring effectively. The sedimentation of substantia retina is usually increased by one field tillage. If sediment deposition is severe, plowing can be performed 2-3 times.
(2) Market construction. 1 Build anti-escape facilities. The strict establishment of aquaculture sites is the key to ensuring that the Chinese pupae are not lost during the breeding process. The general breeding site is surrounded by double-layer nets with an inner mesh of 2.5cm and an outer mesh of 4cm. There are two types of stakes for the construction site: one is 1.5m to 2.0m in length, and the Other is 6cm to 8cm in diameter to support the mesh; the other is a short pile with a length of 40cm and a diameter of 3.0-45cm. It is used to fix the buried mesh and the site for pulling and driving. 2 rationale network method. Dig a trench of 25-30cm deep along the edge of the scheduled site, and straighten the side of the mesh to the inside of the ditch by means of a rope. After every 0.8m along the ditch, hit a short pile to fix the net and bury it in the sand. The net is 0.7m-1.2m above the beach, and long piles are staggered on the two sides of the net in an “person†shape and inserted obliquely into the beach at 50cm to 60cm with a pile spacing of 1.5m. Use a string that passes through the mesh to “8†the knot around the long pile to maintain the same height as the mesh. 3 breeding site pull wire. The clam has a habit of migration, and often forms a viscous wave band by its own secretions, which moves along the ebb flow direction. The role of the field cable is to “cut off†the formation of the sticky wave band, to prevent the Python from moving to a large number of clusters to the side of the fence. Pull the line method: In the site is suitable for the vertical direction of the short-pile piles in the direction of the trend, to "well" shape pull line, line from beach 3-5cm. After the cable is pulled out of the site, most of the clams are concentrated on the line, under the pile, and on the edge of the network. The distribution of clams in the entire culture site is relatively uniform. In places where wire is not pulled, there are a large number of clams in the low-tide fence. This situation is not conducive to food intake and respiration. It hinders normal growth of the clams and even results in the death of clams.
Second, seedling stocking
1. The seedlings were selected to have a strong ability to dig sediments, a light surface, no damage, and a disease-free Wenzhou seedlings. The specifications were 140 to 200/kg. The local seedlings are the main, and field seedlings require that the water quality of the seedlings be close to that of the farm environment.
2. Stocking Density Stocking densities are determined according to the lake area at the site where the clams are farmed. In the mid-tide area, 140-200/kg seedlings are broadcast and about 400 kg per mu are planted. In the low-tide zone, 140 seedlings/kg are played in the farm. Broadcast 88kg.
3, sowing seedlings are usually carried out before the high tide, seedlings should be evenly broadcast on the beach surface, if the temperature is higher, should be selected on cloudy days or dawn, evening. Damaged or dead seedlings should not be sown in farms. The operation should be light when sowing, so as not to damage the ligaments and shells and affect the survival rate of the culture.
Third, the development of management in the daily management of literary and cultural development is very important. After ebb tide, strong wind wave or typhoon storm, we must promptly check whether the stakes and fences are dumped or damaged, and find that they are lifted and lifted in time to find reinforcements. We find that the nets are broken and repaired in time to prevent the files from escaping; mud or silt is found The site should be cleared in time; storms roll piles of clams and the density is too high, and they must be evacuated in time, especially during the summer hot season, so as to avoid killing the clams; against predators such as fish, crabs, and birds. The echinoderms should be collected or driven regularly; the dynamite that has died should be removed in time to prevent the pollution of the mudflats; daily monitoring of water temperature, specific gravity, and water quality should be done; the growth of the cricket should be regularly measured, and the problems should be promptly taken measures; Stealing, looting, preventing people from disturbing and berthing the ship, keeping the site quiet
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