Soil preparation and sowing is the first link in wheat production. It is the most important part of wheat production for the whole process of production, and finally achieves the high yield of wheat, including the following eight aspects.
I. Selection of Varieties Carefully selected varieties suitable for local production conditions are prerequisites for obtaining high yields of wheat. When selecting, attention should be paid to fully understand the characteristics of breeds, avoid weaknesses, and emphasize good breeds and good methods to achieve ideal results. At present, the wheat varieties that are suitable for the Zhongnannan wheat cultivation area in our province include 冀5265, Guan 35, Shixin 733, Shimai 15, Shixin 828, and buckwheat 6172. Through experimental research and demonstration of large-scale production, the outstanding features of 冀5265 wheat are high yield, stable yield, strong drought resistance, strong absorption capacity for fertilizers, and high-yield, water-saving and fertilizer-saving characteristics. It is suitable for the middle and southern regions of Fujian Province. Planting. View 35 has high yield, stable yield, good drought resistance and water saving, strong lodging resistance, and wide adaptability. It has performed outstandingly in Heilonggang and the middle plains of southern Hebei province.
Here are three points to remind: The first point is that the quality of a variety is not constant, and through the continuous efforts of breeders to breed better and better varieties, the old traits that have gradually deteriorated will be gradually eliminated. Therefore, no matter how good a wheat variety is in the local area, it must be replaced at least every 3 to 5 years. The second point is that any wheat breed has a certain regional adaptability. Therefore, when selecting and introducing new varieties, it must be clear whether it is suitable for planting in the local conditions. When planting in the local area, there are some key technical links that require special attention, paying particular attention to the weaknesses of the varieties, so as to avoid weaknesses through cultivation techniques and to make full use of them. Give full play to its advantages. The third point is that since wheat is a self-pollination crop, seeds can be kept in their own hands. Self-retaining seeds must be done to remove impurities, single-income singles, single-tanks, and moth-eaten fungi to ensure purity and germination. Otherwise it will seriously affect the yield and quality.
Second, the fine preparation of corn stalks is rich in nutrients. The nutrients returned to the field in one season are equivalent to about 10 kg of urea, 7.5 kg of superphosphate and 7.5 kg of potassium chloride. Long-term straw returning can increase soil organic matter content, improve soil aggregate structure, and have obvious effect on soil fertility. However, special attention must be paid to ensuring the quality of straw returning operations, so that the straw is finely chopped (preferably below 3 cm) and evenly distributed. In order to ensure the quality of straw returned to the field, it is generally necessary to crush it twice. After the first pass, the overwhelming straw is cleared manually so that it can be crushed to the second time. In addition, the field work machinery must have enough power and rotation speed, and when it is crushed, it should be 2-3 cm deep to the surface in order to crush the crop roots. When cultivating the soil, the depth of rotation should be 15 cm. Less powerful machines also require a depth of 12 cm. Where conditions permit, it is best to deep plowing or deep loosening every 3 years. The depth is preferably 25 to 35 cm to break the plow bottom. The current production can often see extensive site preparation, rotary ploughing is too shallow, a large number of straw piled up in the topsoil, planter walk blocked, the speed is uneven, resulting in straw overhead wheat seedlings, resulting in lack of seedlings off ridge, affecting the quality of wheat sowing. The consequence of this situation is that spotted wheat seedlings appear weak after emergence, and yellow seedlings may die before wintering. Therefore, this link in the field of meticulous soil preparation seems to be simple, and it is in fact the most likely part of the problem. This link should be used as the top priority for wheat production.
Third, seed treatment with pesticides and fungicides at the same time mixed seed dressing can not only prevent wheat seedling pests and diseases, but also can effectively reduce the occurrence of wheat diseases and pests in the latter period, we must give enough attention. At present, many farmers and friends only pay attention to the use of insecticides for seed dressing to prevent and control pests, and neglect the use of fungicides to prevent and control soil-borne and plant-borne diseases. This practice should be corrected as soon as possible. General wheat seed dressing can be used 3% of the enemy Wei Dan 50 ml +2.5% Shiloji 10 ml +40% phoxim 25 ml, add water, 150 ml, seed dressing 10 kg. Or use 2% Rickett rust 15 ~ 20 grams + 40% phoxim 25 ml, mixed with 10 kg of wheat.
Fourth, determine the sowing date appropriate sowing is the cultivation of wheat seedlings before the winter, the formation of a strong and strong roots and developed roots, enhance drought resistance and cold resistance, lay an important prerequisite for high-yield groups. In the production, wheat is often sown prematurely and causes prosperous pre-winter seasons, laying a hidden danger for wheat production in the coming year. There are three major shortcomings in early sowing of wheat: (1) The rapid development of wheat seedlings before winter, and the cold resistance of wheat. 2 Excessive soil fertility before winter and defertilization in later stages. 3 Because of the higher temperature after sowing, increase the risk of wheat disease. There are also three major drawbacks to sowing wheat too late: 1 It causes smaller wheat seedlings before winter, which affects the increase of yield. 2 If you want to ensure a certain group, you must increase the amount of sowing. After 3 days of sowing, it delayed the maturity and was vulnerable to the late dry hot wind, which inhibited the grouting and caused grain pods to reduce production.
How should we determine the reasonable sowing date and control wheat's pre-winter development process? All localities should calculate the suitable sowing date of wheat according to the local winter temperature in the past 10 years. According to statistics, in recent years, with the global warming, the temperature has indeed been gradually increasing, and the optimal sowing date of wheat should also be postponed appropriately. At present, the best sowing date for wheat is from October 5th to 12th in Shijiazhuang. It is unfavorable for the high yield of wheat too early and late.
Fifth, determining a reasonable amount of broadcast sowing can establish a reasonable group structure and coordinate the conflicts between groups and individuals. At present, there are still some peasant friends who are deeply influenced by the deeply ingrained traditional concepts of “having money to buy seeds and no money to buy seedlingsâ€, or they think that it is better to have more seeds. Or because the site preparation is too extensive, the practice of increasing the amount of sowing will often lead to serious and uneven wheat seedlings and poor environmental conditions within the group, making it difficult to achieve high yields. There are two major harms in the wheat sowing: 1 The wheat seedlings are crowded, the seedlings are weak, the individuals are stunted, and the anti-freezing and anti-drought ability is poor, which may cause frost damage in winter. 2 The wheat population is too large, and the late lodging resistance is poor and the risk of lodging increases. The actual production should be based on the variety of tiller ability, spike rate, soil fertility level and the sowing date of the integrated. The moderately sown wheat varieties generally have mid-range fertility of 200,000 to 250,000 basic crops per acre. They are planted after October 10 and sowed every night for 1 day, increasing the basic seedlings by 0.8 to 10,000. The specific sowing amount is determined based on the seed germination rate, grain weight, and soil preparation quality, and is generally 10 to 13 kg/mu.
Six, sowing style Wheat sowing style mainly refers to the spacing configuration. Under the summer maize field, narrow rows of wheat should be sowed in a straight line, with a 10 to 15 cm spacing. Narrow rows and other rows of sowing can increase the surface coverage of wheat in the early period, increase the utilization of light energy, reduce the evaporation of surface water, effective water-saving effect, generally can increase wheat production by 5% or so. In areas where summer corn is sown, three-dilution and thin-seeding patterns should be adopted, and good annual high-yield results can also be achieved. At present, in some areas, the summer maize field still adopts the three-dilution and one-dilution planting pattern, or the planting pattern of two-dilution and one-sixth planting pattern in the summer corn field, which is unfavorable to the stable high yield of wheat, and often occurs when the wheat matures and still cannot be ridged. A large amount of light energy losses have been lost, which limits the further increase of wheat production and should be improved as soon as possible.
7. The two links of fine sowing and sowing must be mastered. One is the depth of sowing, and the other is the uniformity of sowing.
Grasping the appropriate sowing depth is the key to planting. Wheat is sown 3 to 5 centimeters deep, preferably 4 centimeters. The planting was too shallow and the tilling depth of the tillering festival was too shallow. During the wintering season, the tillering festival was in a state of “hunger and cold†and had poor drought resistance, cold resistance, and a high rate of dead plants in winter. Deep sowing results in long emergence time of wheat, excessive nutrient consumption in grain, small and thin wheat seedlings, few and weak secondary roots, and thin wheat seedlings. It is difficult to form pre-winter seedlings because of “congenitally deficientâ€. If sowing is too deep, the risk of disease will increase due to the “difficult birth†of wheat seedlings, which will increase the occurrence of diseases.
The uniformity of sowing should include three aspects to pay attention to. First, the distribution of kernels in the row should be uniform to ensure that each individual has the same room for survival and growth after emergence to achieve seedling growth. The second is the evenness between lines, which avoids the occurrence of narrow lines and narrow lines. This is a test for seeders and machine operators. The third is the uniform sowing depth. In the production of a sowing operation within the surface, row spacing is not the same, the difference in the depth of the difference between different rows occurs from time to time, seriously affecting the creation of high-yield groups and balanced production increase.
8. After repression, the suppression technology after sowing is one of the most important measures for drought-reducing water-saving and water-saving. It can crush slag, make up for cracks, effectively reduce the evaporation of soil moisture in winter, and play a role in heat preservation. The wheat fields that are seriously affected by the "cold haze" during wintering in production are caused in large part by the failure of land consolidation and the suppression after the broadcast is not in place. Moreover, repression is an opportunity to “help the people†who are not doing well in the sowing of the wheat field (if the planting is too light, the planting rate is too large, and the planting is too early). Therefore, such wheat fields must be repressed. According to investigations, over the winter in the repressed wheat fields, the dry soil layer in the returning green period is 2 cm less than that in the unrested wheat fields.
Name:Hollow Pullulan Capsule
Major components:Pullulan and purified water
Character:The product is cylindrical and is made of two hard and elastic empty sacs made up of two sets of cap and body. The bag is smooth, uniform in color, smooth in incision, free of deformation, non-toxic and harmless, and is no odor
Pullulan: It is a natural extracts involving no toxic chemicals and edible, bland and tasteless organic.The chief commercial use of pullulan is in the manufacture of edible films.It is known by the E number E1204,as a food additive.
Function: Used for containing solid drugs. Isolation of herbs
Specifications:Size0,size1,size2,size3,size4,size5
Store:Keep in a cool, dry, airtight place
Manufacturing:Zhejiang Honghui Capsule Co.,Ltd
Add:Qingshan industrial area, Xinchang County, Zhejiang Province(Chengguan Town, Quanqin)
Size 0 Pullulan Empty Capsules
Gelatin Hard Capsule,Halal Empty Capsules,Empty Gelatin Capsules,Halal Empty Bovine Gelatin Hard Capsule
Zhejiang Honghui Capsule Co.,Ltd , https://www.hhcapsule.com