Each production of 1000 kg of fresh mango needs N1.74 kg, P2O50.23 kg, K2O2.0 kg. The most needed amount is potassium, followed by nitrogen and phosphorus. Generally N, P2O5: K2O=1:0.5:0.5-1 is used to apply nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers. However, the manure trees of different tree ages, different regions, and different yield levels often have large changes in recommended fertilizer. Explain the general situation, and adjust the application according to the actual situation in the local area.
1, sapling fertilization
The fertilization of mango saplings focuses on promoting vegetative growth, making the root system more developed, increasing the number of shoots, and increasing the area of ​​the canopy, creating conditions for early results and early high-yield production. Nitrogen and phosphorus are the main fertilization methods, potassium fertilizer is appropriately applied, and organic fertilizer is applied as much as possible. Soil fertilization, pay attention to the improvement of orchard soil, lay the foundation for the results.
(1) Planting fertilizer
The main planting fertilizer is organic fertilizer, with a small amount of phosphate fertilizer, applied to planting pits. When the acidity of the soil is large, lime should be added. Before the fertilization, the lime is evenly thrown into the soil, and then the soil is turned over so that the lime and the soil can fully function. The pit is dug after 10-15 days, and then the organic fertilizer is applied to plant the plant.
(2) Dressing
Saplings should be topdressed in time after colonization and survival. Top dressing is mainly quick-acting nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers to promote early-onset new roots and pumping shoots. After the mango is planted, new shoots are started within 1-2 months after the mango planting. After about 2 months, the shoots are smoked once. After each shoot, they can be topdressed once. 1-2 years after planting, fertilization should be applied sparingly, and each plant should be sterilized with 20 grams of urea or 5 kg of diluted fecal water. With the increase of tree age, the amount of fertilizer can be increased. Each time, each plant uses 40 grams of urea or 10 kg of diluted manure. After the second year of planting, combining the expansion of the hole in the fall, applying organic fertilizer once, each plant applies 25-50 kg of organic fertilizer and 0.5-1 kg of phosphate fertilizer, or 0.5 kg of compound fertilizer. Each time after the tip of each plant application of 0.1-0.15 kg of urea, compound fertilizer 0.2-0.3 kg, watering application or shallow ditch.
2, the results of tree fertilization
Results The purpose of tree fertilization is to promote results, increase yield and fruit quality, pay attention to adjust tree nutrients, and maintain soil fertility. The amount, type, and fertilization time of fertilizers are different from those of young trees.
Mango trees generally begin their results in the third year after planting, and are officially put into production in the fourth year. It is suggested that the mango fruit tree fertilization amount should be N0.4-0.5 kg per plant (0.9-1.1 kg of urea), P2O50.25-0.3 kg (1.6-1.8 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer) per 4-5 years. , K2O0.36-0.4 kg (equivalent to 0.6-0.7 kg of potassium chloride). After 6 years of age, the N, P2O5, and K2O application rates were appropriately increased according to the strain production.
Mango fertilization results in four main periods.
(1) Flowering fertilizer
The flower bud differentiation period of mango was 1 month before flowering, and the flower bud differentiation period of Guangxi was generally in December. Fertilizer can promote flower bud differentiation before flower bud differentiation. Fertilizers should be based on available nitrogen and potassium fertilizers. The dosage should be about 20% of the annual dosage, and 0.1-0.2 kg of urea and potassium chloride should be applied to each plant. (If the phosphate fertilizer is made of simple phosphate fertilizer, it can be applied under this fertilizer with the application of phosphate fertilizer. Generally, 1.6-1.8 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is applied per plant.) It can be combined with foliar fertilizer and sprayed with 0.2-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution. Sprayed to the leaves covered with water droplets, do not drop to prevail, spray 2-3 times, each spray interval 7-10 days.
(2) strong flower fat.
Mango trees have a large amount of flowering and consume more nutrients. They should apply top-dressing nitrogen fertilizer once at the flowering stage. Fertilization time depends on tree vigor, plant status, and weather. However, fertilization must be done in a timely manner. It is advisable to start fertilizing when 50% of the last shoots of plants are budding. Otherwise, if the tree grows strong and the temperature rises, fertilizing too early can induce excessive vegetative shoots or mixed squid sprouting, reducing flowering. Zhanhua fertilizer can use urea or compound fertilizer, each plant applies urea or compound fertilizer 0.1-0.15 kg, can be combined with foliar spray 0.1% borax, 0.2% -0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution.
If the application of flower fertilizer is sufficient and the plant grows vigorously, the fertilizer may not be applied.
(3) Strong fruit fertilizer. About 30 days after Xiehua, the rapid growth and development of the fruit, during the rapid growth of young fruit, it is necessary to chase the strong fruit fertilizer to meet the fruit development needs of nutrients. Generally, 0.3-0.4 kg of urea and 0.2-0.3 kg of potassium chloride are applied per plant. (If the phosphate fertilizer is not used in combination with fertilizer, this time it can be used with 1.6-1.8 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer.) It can be combined with foliar fertilizer, sprayed with 0.2%-0.3% urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, sprayed to the foliage. There are full of water droplets, no drops will prevail, spray 2-3 times in a row, each spray interval 7-10 days.
(4) Tip shooters before and after fruit harvesting
Mangoes have a large amount of results and consume more nutrients. If they are not supplemented with fertilizers in time, it will be difficult to restore tree vigor and affect the sprouting of autumn shoots. Fertilization before and after fruit picking is critical, and it is better to apply it twice. The first time before and after fruit harvesting, 0.2-0.3 kg of urea and 0.1-0.2 kg of potassium chloride per plant can be applied to promote the restoration of tree vigor and germinate as soon as possible. When the second fertilization began to turn green at the last tip, it was buried with weeds in combination with soil. Each plant applied 25-50 kg of organic fertilizer and 0.5 kg of ternary compound fertilizer. Can be combined with foliar application of 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution 1-2 times.
3, fertilization method
The soil fertilization mainly adopts ring ditch and strip ditch method, and it covers the soil after the application. 1 Ring Groove Fertilization: Dig a ring or semi-annular groove on the outside of the canopy drip line, width and depth of 15-20cm. 2, the channel fertilization: each year alternately in the crown outside the dripping symmetrically digging two parallel strips, width and depth 20-30cm, expand the hole when the ditch is deeper than 60cm.
1, sapling fertilization
The fertilization of mango saplings focuses on promoting vegetative growth, making the root system more developed, increasing the number of shoots, and increasing the area of ​​the canopy, creating conditions for early results and early high-yield production. Nitrogen and phosphorus are the main fertilization methods, potassium fertilizer is appropriately applied, and organic fertilizer is applied as much as possible. Soil fertilization, pay attention to the improvement of orchard soil, lay the foundation for the results.
(1) Planting fertilizer
The main planting fertilizer is organic fertilizer, with a small amount of phosphate fertilizer, applied to planting pits. When the acidity of the soil is large, lime should be added. Before the fertilization, the lime is evenly thrown into the soil, and then the soil is turned over so that the lime and the soil can fully function. The pit is dug after 10-15 days, and then the organic fertilizer is applied to plant the plant.
(2) Dressing
Saplings should be topdressed in time after colonization and survival. Top dressing is mainly quick-acting nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers to promote early-onset new roots and pumping shoots. After the mango is planted, new shoots are started within 1-2 months after the mango planting. After about 2 months, the shoots are smoked once. After each shoot, they can be topdressed once. 1-2 years after planting, fertilization should be applied sparingly, and each plant should be sterilized with 20 grams of urea or 5 kg of diluted fecal water. With the increase of tree age, the amount of fertilizer can be increased. Each time, each plant uses 40 grams of urea or 10 kg of diluted manure. After the second year of planting, combining the expansion of the hole in the fall, applying organic fertilizer once, each plant applies 25-50 kg of organic fertilizer and 0.5-1 kg of phosphate fertilizer, or 0.5 kg of compound fertilizer. Each time after the tip of each plant application of 0.1-0.15 kg of urea, compound fertilizer 0.2-0.3 kg, watering application or shallow ditch.
2, the results of tree fertilization
Results The purpose of tree fertilization is to promote results, increase yield and fruit quality, pay attention to adjust tree nutrients, and maintain soil fertility. The amount, type, and fertilization time of fertilizers are different from those of young trees.
Mango trees generally begin their results in the third year after planting, and are officially put into production in the fourth year. It is suggested that the mango fruit tree fertilization amount should be N0.4-0.5 kg per plant (0.9-1.1 kg of urea), P2O50.25-0.3 kg (1.6-1.8 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer) per 4-5 years. , K2O0.36-0.4 kg (equivalent to 0.6-0.7 kg of potassium chloride). After 6 years of age, the N, P2O5, and K2O application rates were appropriately increased according to the strain production.
Mango fertilization results in four main periods.
(1) Flowering fertilizer
The flower bud differentiation period of mango was 1 month before flowering, and the flower bud differentiation period of Guangxi was generally in December. Fertilizer can promote flower bud differentiation before flower bud differentiation. Fertilizers should be based on available nitrogen and potassium fertilizers. The dosage should be about 20% of the annual dosage, and 0.1-0.2 kg of urea and potassium chloride should be applied to each plant. (If the phosphate fertilizer is made of simple phosphate fertilizer, it can be applied under this fertilizer with the application of phosphate fertilizer. Generally, 1.6-1.8 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is applied per plant.) It can be combined with foliar fertilizer and sprayed with 0.2-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution. Sprayed to the leaves covered with water droplets, do not drop to prevail, spray 2-3 times, each spray interval 7-10 days.
(2) strong flower fat.
Mango trees have a large amount of flowering and consume more nutrients. They should apply top-dressing nitrogen fertilizer once at the flowering stage. Fertilization time depends on tree vigor, plant status, and weather. However, fertilization must be done in a timely manner. It is advisable to start fertilizing when 50% of the last shoots of plants are budding. Otherwise, if the tree grows strong and the temperature rises, fertilizing too early can induce excessive vegetative shoots or mixed squid sprouting, reducing flowering. Zhanhua fertilizer can use urea or compound fertilizer, each plant applies urea or compound fertilizer 0.1-0.15 kg, can be combined with foliar spray 0.1% borax, 0.2% -0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution.
If the application of flower fertilizer is sufficient and the plant grows vigorously, the fertilizer may not be applied.
(3) Strong fruit fertilizer. About 30 days after Xiehua, the rapid growth and development of the fruit, during the rapid growth of young fruit, it is necessary to chase the strong fruit fertilizer to meet the fruit development needs of nutrients. Generally, 0.3-0.4 kg of urea and 0.2-0.3 kg of potassium chloride are applied per plant. (If the phosphate fertilizer is not used in combination with fertilizer, this time it can be used with 1.6-1.8 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer.) It can be combined with foliar fertilizer, sprayed with 0.2%-0.3% urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, sprayed to the foliage. There are full of water droplets, no drops will prevail, spray 2-3 times in a row, each spray interval 7-10 days.
(4) Tip shooters before and after fruit harvesting
Mangoes have a large amount of results and consume more nutrients. If they are not supplemented with fertilizers in time, it will be difficult to restore tree vigor and affect the sprouting of autumn shoots. Fertilization before and after fruit picking is critical, and it is better to apply it twice. The first time before and after fruit harvesting, 0.2-0.3 kg of urea and 0.1-0.2 kg of potassium chloride per plant can be applied to promote the restoration of tree vigor and germinate as soon as possible. When the second fertilization began to turn green at the last tip, it was buried with weeds in combination with soil. Each plant applied 25-50 kg of organic fertilizer and 0.5 kg of ternary compound fertilizer. Can be combined with foliar application of 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution 1-2 times.
3, fertilization method
The soil fertilization mainly adopts ring ditch and strip ditch method, and it covers the soil after the application. 1 Ring Groove Fertilization: Dig a ring or semi-annular groove on the outside of the canopy drip line, width and depth of 15-20cm. 2, the channel fertilization: each year alternately in the crown outside the dripping symmetrically digging two parallel strips, width and depth 20-30cm, expand the hole when the ditch is deeper than 60cm.
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