The historical evolution, contemporary progress and future trends of bio-economy show that bio-economy will be the basic economy of human society and a human-oriented economy that solves the issues of China's energy, environment, agriculture, rural areas and farmers, and overcomes the drawbacks of the industrial economy. China's economic modernization should no longer follow the path of heavy chemical industry, but should vigorously develop the biological economy. Modern agriculture led by heavy chemical industry and petroleum agriculture is heavily infused with chemical fertilizers, synthetic pesticides, breeding techniques, large-scale monoculture, large-scale monoculture and agricultural machinery, and power and other exogenous substances. The ancient agriculture that replaced the closed exchange cycle has achieved high-speed development with high input and high output of agriculture, but it has paid the price of heavy pollution of chemical substances, deterioration of ecological environment, overload of water and soil resources, and high consumption of petrochemical energy. Bioagriculture is based on modern biological engineering techniques (genes, proteins, cells, enzymes, and fermentation) and other modern engineering technologies based on information technology, automatic control, fine chemicals, and space technology based on the theory of molecular biology. The basic resources and natural endowments of modern agriculture carry out the gene transfer and reorganization of the species and the genetic improvement of resistance. The industrial nature and function of oil agriculture, industry links and linkages, product performance and quality, agronomic processes and management are based on the level of molecular biology and Information intelligence, automatic control level update and replacement, conversion and upgrade. Bio-agriculture will fundamentally solve the problems of traditional agriculture, especially modern agriculture and petroleum agriculture, which are resource shortage and ecological deterioration, industrial closure and extensive operation, low output value, and weak industries. This will help solve the “three rural issues†problem in China. Land and water resources, energy, and photosynthesis can use horizontal resources, which are scarce and non-renewable for traditional agriculture, especially modern agriculture and petroleum agriculture, but are abundant and renewable for biological agriculture. The genetic technology and biomass industry of bio-agriculture can expand and recycle land and water resources, energy, and photosynthesis utilization resources at almost unlimited depth, height, and breadth, improve and innovate the nature and functions of the agricultural industry, and improve and enhance agriculture. Industrial value and quality. The cultivation and aquaculture of bio-agriculture is the use of biotechnology to carry out gene transfer and recombination, genetic design and improvement of plants, animals, and microorganisms, thereby effectively promoting improved breeding, high-yield cultivation, and efficient use of animals and microbial species. Bio-agriculture will form bio-based products, bio-fuels, and bio-energy by industrially transforming renewable, recyclable agricultural organic materials into a new biomass industry. The new generation of biological pesticides, animal vaccines, bio-fertilizers, growth regulators and other products produced by the microbial genetic recombination technology will lead to the agricultural bio-industry industry revolution. Biological control of pests and biological regulation of agricultural ecosystems will also form emerging agricultural bio-ecologies. Environmental Protection Industry. Plant-tolerance genes such as salt-tolerant, drought-tolerant cold biotechnology applied to agricultural farming can surprisingly expand shortages, non-recycling and non-renewable, unsustainable water and land resources, energy and photosynthesis available level resources. The planting industry will adjust grain, economy, feed and energy, medicine, ecological “six yuan†products and industrial structure from grain, economy, and feed, and the animal husbandry industry will use “three yuan†clothing, food, and clothing. “food, food, energy, medicine, and ecological “six-dollar†products and industrial restructuring, which will fully expand, use, and save valuable water and land resources, energy, and available resources for photosynthesis, and achieve economic, low-cost, high-yield Ecological and social benefits. Bio-agricultural farming, aquaculture and emerging biomass industries are not only linking traditional agriculture and petroleum agriculture but also replacing the nature and content of heavy chemical industries. Not only that, the emerging bio-industry will also produce and replace a significant portion of the heavy-duty industry's energy, fuel and other energy products, chemicals and other key products. The "black gold" obtained by heavy chemical industry can be replaced by the "green gold" produced by the emerging biomass industry. According to Shi Yuanchun, academician of the two institutes, 30 years ago, after the United States and Brazil took advantage of fuel ethanol produced from corn and sugar cane, Europe succeeded in producing biodiesel from rapeseed, solidification and combustion of forestry waste, and biogas power generation. Afterwards, the United States plans to increase its biomass energy and biomass-based products by 20 times compared to 2000, reaching 25% of total energy consumption by 2020, reducing carbon emissions by 100 million tons annually and increasing farmers’ income by 20 billion U.S. dollars. The European Commission proposed By 2020, 20% of transport fuel will be replaced with biofuels such as ethanol. Royal Dutch Shell International Petroleum estimates that biomass will provide 30% of the world's chemicals and fuels in the first 50 years of the 21st century. Toyota made auto parts using sweet potato starch-based plastics; Fugantong used cornstarch-based plastics instead of computer plastic shells. After Cajal Dow Company used corn starch to ferment and produce polylactic acid (PLA) and other various polymer plastics, the American Society for Biological Engineering and Technology announced: "We began to see PLA biomaterials made from corn starch as raw materials. All sectors of the manufacturing industry are used, which may completely transform the old economy. The use of genetically modified crops and livestock has changed agriculture, and now it is transforming the industry." China has more than 700 million tons of crop stalks and more than 2.5 billion tons of livestock and poultry excrement each year. With a large amount of organic waste and more than 200 million tons of forestry waste and other agricultural and forestry waste, it can produce 800 million tons of standard coal energy equivalent to 70% of the current annual national commodity energy consumption, and can simultaneously reduce hundreds of millions of tons of emissions. Carbon dioxide and elimination of burning of crop straws, burning of woodland wastes, and pollution of livestock and poultry manure to the atmosphere and water. Fully biodegradable bio-based plastics can also be used to replace non-degradable petroleum-based plastics that cover more than 10 million hectares of farmland and cause soil fertility to decline. Protect cultivated soil fertility and eradicate white pollution. Slightly less than the 100 million hectares of marginal land planted energy plants in China, which is not suitable for farmland, can produce or replace 600 million tons of fuel equivalent to the current annual consumption of petroleum in China. It is equivalent to approximately 3 trillion yuan in bio-industrial output value of the current annual agricultural output value, and it has absorbed a large number of rural surplus labor and greatly increased farmers' income, and comprehensively promoted rural modernization and urbanization. Bio-industrial bio-light industry (such as bio-furniture industry, bio-food industry, bio-textiles and clothing industry), bio-materials engineering industry (such as bio-degradable plastics industry), bio-building materials industry (such as bio-composite building materials industry), bio-information Industry, bio-ocean technology industry, bio-chemical industry, bio-pharmaceutical industry, animal and plant genetic engineering industry, embryonic bio-engineering industry, livestock and poultry aquatic product industry, marine polyculture technology application industry, natural bio-active material industry, fermentation The technical engineering industry, eco-environment technology engineering industry, etc. will also update and replace the contents of a considerable part of the industry and industry in the heavy chemical industry. Part of these industries and industries are listed as key areas and priorities of high-tech industrialization, which is conducive to guiding social resources and focusing on nurturing new economic growth points.
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