First, corn stalks. The silage can be made from corn stalks that are ripe during the ripening period to the wax ripening stage, but corn stalks after harvesting are often used in production, that is, when the ear of corn matures and only 1-2 leaves of the corn stalk have yellowish leaves. Harvesting, when the water content is about 70%, is suitable for silage. However, corn stalks are easily rough and old, and if harvesting is not timely, the leaves will soon be yellow. When the stem has 1/2 leaves yellow, the water content is below 70%, and silage needs to add water. The criterion for determining the suitable moisture is to squeegee the straw by hand, and it is advisable to seep out of the water between the fingers without dripping. Second, corn with ear. In the wax ripening period, the entire harvest of the ear is not only high in yield and good in quality, but also has a moisture content of 70-75% and is suitable for silage. During the silage process, the lactic acid fermentation was strong. After 3-5 days, the pH value dropped to 3.5-4. The silage contained no decomposition products of butyric acid and spoilage bacteria, and the free acetic acid did not exceed 25% of the lactic acid amount. High nutritional value and good palatability. Third, the grass. Barley, oats, ryegrass, bromegrass, ryegrass, etc. Silage suitable harvest time from booting to heading, it is best to cut before heading. The green leaves, stems and leaves are all timely green, soft and well-watered. However, early castration, high water content, protein and nitrate content, silage alone is more difficult to succeed. At this time, add 5% bran, hay powder or dried beet pulp to increase the sugar content. Fourth, legumes. Such as alfalfa, sand wang, grass hibiscus, red clover, white clover and so on. Due to more protein and less sugar content, it is better to use low-hydration silage, so that the water content of the raw material is 45-55%, and 20% of corn stalk is mixed or mixed with gramineous herbage, the ratio is 1:1-3. Or mix silage with roughage powder. Fifth, oats and peas mixed silage. Oats and peas have low soluble sugar content, and silage should be mixed with formic acid and formaldehyde. First, we use a lawn mower to process the green fodder, then spray it with a concentration of 0.14% formic acid + 0.12% formaldehyde, and spray it with 30-centimeter-thick raw materials, spraying 25 liters of mixed liquid per ton of raw material. Six, sweet potato vines. Harvesting before the frost is appropriate, when the water content reaches 80-90%, drying for 1-2 days, reduce the moisture to about 75% and then silage. If you harvest after the frost, because the leaves are mostly withered, you do not need to dry them again, and you can carry out silage on the day of harvest. Sweet potato cane leaves are soft and have more water content. The length of the chopped meat is 10-13 cm. It is too long for inconvenience to compact and it is inconvenient to use and it is also not conducive to animal feed intake. After entering the pit for 2-3 days, it usually sinks 1/4-1/3. Therefore, when the cellar is placed, the raw material should be 30-60 cm above the cellar. If it sinks too much, it can be reloaded once more to increase the utilization rate of the silo. Note: When the silage material is installed in the pit, it must be piled up along the pit. Seven, sweet potatoes. The water content of sweet potato is generally 72-75%, and it can be mixed with 10-15% crude bran or bran when silage. Before the cellar was placed, the bottom of the cellar was first covered with a layer of 30 cm bran. When filling, bran should be added at any time and mixed evenly. Can also be layered, that is every 6-10 cm, plus a layer of bran. Due to fermentation, it sometimes rises and flows out of the 3-5 days after cellaring. Therefore, when filling raw materials, it should not exceed the pit, and cover 6-12 cm bran or finely chopped hay, and then cover the soil. Eight, peanut meal and sweet potato vine mixed storage. Peanut pods have a low moisture content, while sweet potato vines have high moisture content and high sugar content. Therefore, the two are the best. Two to three days before harvesting peanuts, cut off the ground for silage. If you use the harvested peanut pods, you must use guillotine to cut off the roots for 1-2 days before use, and do not need drying to prevent the stems and leaves from drying excessively. The ratio of fresh peanut meal to sweet potato cane is 1:2. Both must be chopped and mixed. Nine, beet leaves. Fresh beet leaves should be harvested before the harvest of sugar beets, such as late cutting, most of the leaves turn yellow, affecting the quality of silage. Beet leaves should be transported along with cuttings to prevent evaporation of water. Fresh leaves with excessive water content can be stored in the air for 1-2 days, or added with 10% bran mixed silage. Ten, vegetable by-products. Vegetable by-products have a high water content, which is around 90%. Therefore, it should be dried for several days before the preparation, or add 20% of bran to adjust the moisture content to 70-75%. Silage alone, in order to avoid a lot of liquid infiltration into the bottom of the cell, you can use the silo at the bottom of the outlet, so that the smooth discharge of juice can prevent silage due to immersion caused by deterioration.
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