Since the natural pig raising law was promoted in our province in 2006, it has achieved good economic and social benefits. However, a survey by the reporter found that some of the farmers who used pigs in the fermentation beds thought that the fermentation beds were easy and easy to use, so they relaxed their management, affected the healthy growth of the pigs, and reduced the economic benefits. In fact, pig breeding in a fermentation bed is not a “lazy man†raising pigs, but it also requires fine management.
First, choose a good quality strain. At present, there are mainly three fermentation bed species on the market, including Bacillus, indigenous bacteria, EM or other species. Bacillus has clear properties and is of relatively safe quality and can be used for promotion. Indigenous bacteria are mainly used for the cultivation of microorganisms, and the main problems are unclear bacterial species, unpurified strains, and differences in culture quality due to different regions and technologies. Large-scale pig farms are not suitable for promotion; EM is added to feed or composted to improve the odor of pig manure, and EM is used in fermentation bed production. The effect may not be as good as the former two. The difference in strain quality is crucial for the production of the fermentation bed and subsequent management, so be sure to choose the trustworthy strains produced by regular manufacturers. In addition, fermentation bed strains can multiply in aerobic conditions, so the fermentation bed needs to maintain a certain density of voids; the bacteria also need to provide certain moisture and carbon and nitrogen and other nutrients, the fermentation bed should control the moisture content, and Provide a source of nutrition.
Second, the litter excavation time is determined based on the fermentation status of the fermentation bed. As fermentation bed breeding is a continuous process of aerobic fermentation with special bacteria, the bacillus in the litter needs to continuously dig up litter to provide oxygen. The fermented mattress material was dug for too long, the bottom layer was deprived of oxygen, the other microorganisms were anaerobicly fermented, the litter rotted, the pH value was reduced, the ability of microorganisms to decompose the feces was reduced, and the odor concentration in the pig house was increased. The fermented bed fermentation conditions can be judged from litter temperature, relative humidity, pH, odor severity, and pig behavior. The length of interval between dug and digging can be determined according to the fermenting state of the fermentation bed. There is no uniform regulation at the specific time. Generally, the time for digging and excavation of the piglet fermentation mattress material is long, and the time interval between the finishing pigs is short. Fermentation beds have high stocking densities and more excavation times; the lower the rearing density, the longer the time for excavation.
Third, set the breeding density reasonably. Production practice shows that the thickness of the weaned piglet mattress material for fermentation is 55-65 cm, and the rearing density is 0.3-0.5 m2/head; the pigs with 30-60 kg body weight average 0.6 m2, and the pigs with 60-100 kg body weight average 1.2. Square meters, adult sows 1.5 square meters.
Fourth, pay attention to disinfection and epidemic prevention.
The reduced prevalence of swine in the fermentation bed does not mean that the pigs in the fermentation bed are not sick. Therefore, we should strengthen the concept of disinfection and epidemic prevention, especially for the pig farms where the fermentation bed culture and traditional breeding modes are polyculture, let alone neglect management. Different strains of fermentation bed, different types of disinfection drugs. In the epidemic season, it is even more necessary to prevent diseases. Fermentation bed breeding, common diseases such as parasitic diseases, respiratory diseases, acid-fast bacteria, etc., should be discovered in time, symptomatic treatment.
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