1. White flocculent mycelium appears on the surface of bag material
Reasons: 1 bacteria bag moisture content is low, the air temperature during the moisturizing bacteria stage is insufficient. 2 After the bacteria were inoculated, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the shoots was high and ventilation was insufficient, which prolonged the time from vegetative growth to reproductive growth.
Measures: 1 Adjust the moisture content of the medium. 2 Increase the relative humidity of the moisturizing and germination stage to prevent overgrowth of aerial hyphae and the formation of pellicles. Do a good job budding stage of indoor insulation and ventilation work.
2. After 3 days of “scarce fungusâ€, no visible fabrics recovered
Cause: The air in the environment of the reminder bud room is over-circulated, and the bag material surface cover is not covered.
Measure: Focus on the treatment, use cold boiled water to spray 2 - 3 times for 2 consecutive days to make the material surface wet, spray water for 10 minutes and then cover it to maintain a high relative humidity between the cover and the material surface.
3, bag material surface is black and moist
Reasons: 1 Spray raw water directly on the material surface. 2 The film water covers the surface of the material for a time, causing condensation on the membrane to drop back, causing mycelial shrinkage and blackening of the material surface.
Measure: Use a sterile knife to dig out some of the blackening material and rehydrate the bacteria.
4, mushroom buds discolored dead
Cause: The small water droplets secreted during the induction of the mushrooming stage failed to air dry in time, which caused the original base of the mushroom bud to be submerged by the water droplets secreted and suffocated.
Measures: When small beads of water appear on the material surface, gradually increase the indoor ventilation, so that the small water droplets in the room are air-dried. The color of the water droplets is pale yellow, clear and normal, and if it is dark brown or turbid, it is regarded as having been infected by bacteria.
5, the original base dense, effective mushroom sparse
Reasons: Mainly due to the development of Flammulina velutipes due to the lack of synchronization, because the suppression of opening umbrellas, one-sided increase in carbon dioxide concentration, prematurely pull up the plastic film folded under the bag, or premature bagging, so that most of the mushroom buds Not enough oxygen supply and suffocation.
Measures: According to different seasons and different cultivation environments, different ventilation measures should be adopted to solve the problem. In the suppression phase, indoor ventilation should be increased to make the mushroom buds grow taller. In spring, summer, autumn and winter, the amount of indoor air circulation should be increased in rainy days, and the relative humidity should be kept between 80% and 85%. Vertical reciprocating lifting fans should be adopted to ensure that each layer of the cultivation rack can fully flow.
6, there is mushroom cap connected, mushroom handle flat "swiss mushroom"
Reasons: Insufficient ventilation in mushroom house, and hyphae do not reach physiological maturity, dry medium, aging strains and other reasons will lead to the "Siamese mushroom".
Measures: The carbon dioxide content in different developmental stages of fruiting bodies in the basement was monitored with a simple CO2 meter; the light intensity during fruit body development should be less than 200 Lx, and it should be subjected to light for 2 hours per day, several times a day.
7, mushrooms are not the same thickness
Cause: The bud suppression failed.
Measures: In the process of budding, it is necessary to frequently clear the buds and to pull out the extraordinarily thick mushroom buds.
8, "water mushroom"
Cause: The relative humidity of the air in the mushroom house is high.
Measures: Reduce the relative air humidity in the mushroom house as much as possible. With a vertical reciprocating or lifting fan or 180 rotor electric fan, forced convection. Adjust the proportion of intake and exhaust volume, fresh air to be replenished should be pre-cooled and dehumidified. Two days before harvesting, increase air flow.
9, mushroom buds development process easy to open umbrella
Reason: 1 bag quality. If the mycelium is thin, the charge is not tight, and even if it is a mushroom, it is easy to open the umbrella. 2 The temperature, humidity, oxygen, and illumination are not coordinated during the cultivation and management.
Measures: During the cultivation of bacteria bags, air circulation must be strengthened to prevent the heat generated during the germination stage from being emitted. Also, check whether the moisture content of the culture material is lower than 50% or higher than 70%, and check whether the sterilization of bacteria bags is complete or not. Whether the species is subject to hidden pollution. The latter two can be used to return tertiary cultures and uninoculated cultivation bags to PDA medium under sterile conditions to see if contamination occurs.
10, bacterial contamination
Cause: The surrounding and cultivation areas of the mushroom house and the cultivation racks were not disinfected or disinfected.
Measures: 10.1 mushroom house should be carefully disinfected. There are two methods of disinfection: First, use formalin fumigation, that is, every cubic meter of space with 10 ml of formalin and 5 grams of potassium permanganate mixed fumigation, sealed for 4 hours, can achieve the purpose of disinfection. The second is to use copper sulfate solution to spray copper sulfate into 5% solution. The inside and outside of the mushroom house, the cultivation of bed frames and other objects to be fully sprayed.
10.2 Disinfection of mushroom racks. If the mushroom holder is made of pine wood, it is prone to green wood poisoning and it must be disinfected with a copper sulfate solution. In order to prevent tremulous poisons, venom and other germs, use high-efficient bleaching powder to completely disinfect the diluted concentration of 100 times, static 1--3 hours, and take the supernatant to fully spray.
10.3 Elimination of pollutants. Bottles and bags that have been contaminated with germs should be taken out outdoors or away from the cultivation area. Otherwise, spores can spread throughout the house or site.
10.4 Chemical Control. Once bacterial infection occurs, bleaching powder, oxytetracycline, etc. may be added to the water to eliminate pathogens. Do not spray pesticides harmful to humans on the mushrooms.
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