In the cold winter and spring seasons, due to factors such as climate, temperature, and humidity, chickens raised in plastic greenhouses often suffer from colds, fleas, and other illnesses, which seriously affect feeding efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the prevention and control of the following diseases when adopting warm-shed chickens during the cold season:
Cold
In the cold season, there is a large temperature difference between day and night in the greenhouse, and if no insulation measures are taken, the chicken will be vulnerable to colds and colds. Prevention:
(1) Take insulation measures. The temperature in the warm house is adjusted by adjusting the size of the vents and the cover and the coil insulation grass curtains. The grass curtains are covered at night with the surface of the film, and if necessary, the sunroof and the ventilation holes are closed.
(2) Take warming measures. During the winter from 10 pm to 4 a.m., manual heating can be used to maintain the stability of the shed temperature, reduce the temperature difference between day and night, and at the same time find and block the air leakage outlet to avoid the thief wind invasion.
2. Chronic respiratory disease
Humidity in the air is one of the main characteristics of plastic greenhouses for raising chickens. At night, cloudy days, especially when the temperature is low, the relative humidity of the air is even saturated. In a high-temperature and high-humidity environment, chickens appear irritated, have difficulty in breathing, breathe open mouths, produce a large number of pathogenic microorganisms and invade the chicken body, and in addition, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and other harmful gases stimulate the respiratory mucosa, and can easily induce chronic respiratory diseases. The subsequent occurrence of ascites syndrome, etc., is extremely harmful to the flock. Prevention:
(1) Choose dry terrain to build a plastic greenhouse. Warm sheds should be built in leeward, sunny, and high-lying areas, and sheds should not be built in low-lying, wet, and flooded areas.
(2) Keep the shed dry and well ventilated. 1 The roof of the roof should be equipped with a sunroof that can be closed, and the rear wall should have a ventilation hole. When there is sun during the day, the front slope grass curtain should be opened. When the temperature in the shelter rises, the sunroof and the ventilation holes of the back wall will be opened to conduct the dehumidification and remove harmful gases. At night, the temperature in the shed shall be appropriately ventilated. 2 Spread some dry sand in the shed to keep it dry.
3. Deafness
If chickens are raised in greenhouses, especially chickens, if they do not strengthen environmental control, chickens are prone to licking, licking, and feathering. The ventilation in the winter shed is not smooth, and the concentration of harmful gases such as ammonia gas and hydrogen sulfide in the shed is too high, destroying the physiological balance of the chickens, and chickens will be irritated and disturbed. In addition, on a clear noon, the light is too high, it is easy to cause food crickets; poor hygienic feeding farms, if the sludge water is not removed in time, filth feathers, can also cause mutual puckering phenomenon; high stocking density can also easily cause mutualism. food. Prevention:
(1) The breeding density should be appropriate. In the broiler house, appropriate stocking density should be maintained. Generally, 25 broilers per square metre before the age of 3 weeks, and 15 to 20 broilers after 3 weeks of age are preferred. But also according to the size of the chicken, strong and weak groups.
(2) Light intensity should be appropriate. If the light intensity in the greenhouse is too high or too low, measures should be taken to adjust the shade, such as the use of shade nets or gaps to cover the straw insulation.
(3) To maintain environmental hygiene. The water and sludge in the house are cleared at any time to reduce the content of harmful gases in the house, maintain sanitation and reduce the occurrence of diseases.
(4) To treat the diseased chicken in time. For chickens that already have pica, they are isolated and kept separately. For chickens that have been wounded, the fish's grease, sulfonamide ointment, gentian violet, iodine tincture and other drugs can be used for timely disinfection.
4. Ammonia poisoning
Due to poor ventilation in the plastic greenhouse, nitrogen-containing organic matter in the accumulated feces is decomposed into ammonia gas and accumulates in the chicken house. When a certain concentration is reached, chicken poisoning by ammonia is caused. The diseased chicken exhibited mental depression, abstinence from appetite, purple chicken cocks, congestion of oral mucous membranes, tearing of flow, conjunctival hyperemia, edema of some eyelids or turbidity of the cornea, convulsions and paralysis before death. The necropsy chickens showed thin blood, congestion in the trachea, and enlarged lungs that became brittle. Prevention:
(1) Strengthen ventilation. Once chicken flock ammonia poisoning is found, the skylights and vents of the house should be immediately opened to enhance ventilation.
(2) symptomatic treatment. If chickens have trouble breathing, coughing, etc., they can be treated with antibiotics. For chickens with insignificant poisoning, the chicken can be fed with water or a mixture of 1:3000 copper sulfate solution for 3 days.
(3) Maintain hygiene. Usually, the feces in the house should be regularly removed to keep the house clean and well ventilated.
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