The first is the artificial ecological environment breeding method. That is, artificially creating a water area that meets the environmental conditions for the production of non-pollution aquatic products, and selecting suitable breeding species for pollution-free breeding based on principles of aquatic ecology. For example, the cultivation of shrimps and crabs with grasses has become one of the main modes for the development of pollution-free shrimp and crab cultivation and the construction of a large-scale ecological breeding base; the planting of grape or vine plants on the fishing pond dike is used to build shade shelters. Frogs have become a common type of frog ecology farming; symbiotic and mutual breeding of aquatic products and crops, ie, fish farming in rice fields; fish, livestock, poultry, grass (vegetables) combined organic farming, that is, livestock, poultry, Aquaculture is combined with forage grass cultivation. Feeding livestock, poultry and fish with non-environmental pollution feeds, foraging grasses and rearing fishes and livestock and poultry, and livestock manures fermented by biogas digesters to forage and cultivate water quality. Fertilizer. The fish pond fertilizer in Qingtang in winter can be used as a base fertilizer for grass (vegetables) to form a benign circulation of material flow. This is the most classic artificial ecosystem breeding method in China, and it is also one of the development potentials of pollution-free aquaculture. Forms.
The second is multi-species three-dimensional culture. Fish live in different water layers, forming a relatively stable ecological balance and playing an important regulatory role in ecological environment protection and improvement. Applying this principle to aquaculture, a multi-species three-dimensional polyculture method is formed. For example, grasses and eel are the main fishes. Mixing a certain amount of eel, eel, eel, eel, etc. in the same pool is a representative model. The multi-species combination of this model is often reasonable: the use of forage (or some commodity materials) to feed grass and squid, the feces that they discharge can be used to make water, to cultivate plankton, and to filter the plankton by earthworms and earthworms to reduce the water quality, and The oysters and clams also feed on the leftover bait, detritus and benthic organisms of grass carp, and they play a role in cleaning the environment. Through the joint action of scorpions, fleas, cockroaches, and cockroaches, it not only purifies the water environment, but also promotes the growth of the main cultivars such as grass and alfalfa. If the carnivorous fishes such as quail, pheasant, bream and bream are properly used in the system, they can eat the wild fish in the water and the fish with poor physique and illness, which will not only prevent the occurrence and spread of the main cultivar, but also Can reduce costs and increase income.
The third is open flow or microfluidic aquaculture. This method requires the use of rivers and lakes to reduce the natural decline of reservoir water. Due to good water quality and excellent environment, supporting the use of non-hazardous feeds, the main breeding famous fish, as long as the appropriate breeding density, generally rarely sick, so no medication or very little use of drugs, the product can meet the standards of pollution-free aquatic products.
The fourth is the natural ecosystem breeding method. Using unpolluted natural waters (such as lakes, reservoirs, rivers, etc.) and their natural baits, they are bred and cultured in accordance with specific breeding modes. They basically do not feed or fertilize or sprinkle medicine. The goal is to produce green food and organic food. Food, this is an important means of obtaining high quality aquatic products in the future.
The fifth is the use of microbial preparations. In the past 10 years, microbial microbial preparations have been gradually applied in aquaculture. At present, more products are used for photosynthetic bacteria, Bacillus, Lactobacillus preparations, probiotics, Sifili, EM preparations. They can decompose the organic matter such as residual baits and fish manure in the water body, reduce the nitrogen content in the water, make the aquaculture water body clean, and thus improve the environment. At the same time, it can also improve the gastrointestinal tract environment of the cultured subjects, increase appetite, promote growth, increase feed remuneration, intensify the immune function of the cultured objects, improve immunity, and enhance disease resistance.
In addition, there is a closed-cycle water factory cultivation method, withdrawal drug breeding method.
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