In the hot season, pests and diseases also enter the stage of high incidence. The use of pesticides directly affects the amount of pesticide residues in vegetables. It is necessary to effectively control the pests and diseases, but also to ensure the safety of food, so the selection of pesticides is particularly important.
First, the production of pollution-free, safe, high-quality, nutritious vegetables to try to adopt agricultural measures and physical measures to prevent and treat pests and diseases.
(1) Ecological control. Such as high temperature sterilization - warm soup soaking can prevent many diseases of vegetables, high temperature stuffy shed to prevent cucumber downy mildew and so on.
(2) Enemy pests. The use of reed bumblebees to control whitefly, the use of Trichogramma to control cabbage caterpillars, corn borer, cotton bollworm, the use of frogs to prevent butterflies, moth pests.
(3) Yellow traps. According to the characteristics of aphid and whitefly having a strong tendency towards yellow color, the method of applying yellow oil to oil in the greenhouse can effectively control aphids and whitefly.
(4) High-tech. Use the virus-free technology of garlic, strawberry and potato to effectively reduce the occurrence of viral diseases and increase the yield; use grafting technology of melons, such as grafting of watermelon, eggplant, cucumber, and tomato, to effectively prevent and control the occurrence of soil pests and diseases and improve vegetables. The yield and quality.
(5) Plant pest control. The use of garlic, onion, loofah leaves, tomato leaves of the leachate made of pesticides, control of aphids, spider mites, the use of matrine, skunk, green onion leaves leachate control aphids, cabbage caterpillars, rapeseed meal.
(6) Manually kill. The use of dead insects, phototaxis, using black light to kill. Ladybugs that have a tendency to harm the eggplant can use potato traps around the eggplant. The underground pests gather under the leaves of sycamore and can trap and kill sycamore leaves.
Second, we should choose a biological pesticide or biochemical agent that is effective and has no toxicity or minimal toxicity to humans, livestock, and natural enemies. Such as BT, cabbage worm granular virus preparations, beneficial microorganisms increase production of bacteria. BT bio-insecticides use 150-200 ml/mu and spray once every 7 days, effectively killing 1–2 instar larvae of cabbage caterpillar, diamondback moth, and soybean meal. Each mu of antibiotics with antibiotics 120 and 500 ml of Wuyimycin spray. The use of Liuyangmycin, avermectin 2500 ~ 3000 times liquid control of spider mites, aphids, Liriomyza. Use agricultural streptomycin 4000-5000 times to control bacterial diseases of vegetables.
Third, select specific insect growth regulators, such as diflubenzuron, Nongmonte, excellent music, anti-taibao, etc., the mechanism of this kind of chemical pesticide is to inhibit the growth and development of insects, so that it can not peeling ageing, its insecticidal activity is very High, extremely low toxicity to humans and animals.
Fourth, choose high efficiency, low toxicity, low residue pesticides. Normal use of such pesticides will not cause poisoning accidents and it is safer.
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