Selection and installation of ventilation equipment for broiler houses

The ventilation of the house is divided into mechanical ventilation and natural ventilation. When designing the ventilation system, not only the breeding density of the broilers and the local maximum air temperature should be taken into consideration, but also the ventilation should be uniform. Therefore, reference should be made to the standard amount of ventilation and the number of breedings for each chicken to calculate the amount of ventilation required, and then The installed fan capacity calculates the number of fans that should be equipped.

Natural ventilation uses windows, under the influence of natural wind and temperature, and the total window area (in North China) is generally about 1/3 of the building area. For uniform ventilation in the house, the windows should be symmetrical and evenly distributed. In order to adjust the amount of ventilation, the windows can also be made up and down in two rows, according to the ventilation requirements of the switch part of the window, both the use of natural wind, but also the use of temperature differential ventilation. In winter, windshields can be installed to keep the wind speed from falling evenly into the coop, so as not to let the cool air blow directly to the chickens. The ideal window structure is divided into three layers of equipment, the inner layer of barbed wire, is conducive to prevent wild birds into the house and prevent animal damage, in the middle is a glass window frame, the outer layer of plastic film is mainly used for winter insulation.

Mechanical ventilation is the main method for regulating the environmental conditions in closed houses and broilers with high density and large group feeding conditions. Ventilation is closely related to temperature control, humidity control, dust removal and air conditioning. There are two types of mechanical ventilation for closed broilers in contemporary broilers, namely horizontal ventilation and vertical ventilation. These two ventilation methods have their advantages and disadvantages. In the design of the broiler house, suitable methods can be selected according to actual conditions.

1. Horizontal ventilation. When the length of the house is shorter than 10 meters, horizontal ventilation is often used. Horizontal ventilation mainly includes two designs of positive pressure system and negative pressure system. The so-called positive pressure ventilation system is based on the use of a fan to suck fresh air into the room, so that the air in the room can be vented from the exhaust port due to the increase in air pressure. The system can adjust the temperature in the room and improve the room. The distribution of air, reducing the thief in the house, but because of its high cost of equipment, cost, installation difficulties, the narrow range of applications and other shortcomings, so in the production practice, use less.

The most common application is the negative pressure ventilation system. There are many design and installation methods for the modular negative pressure ventilation system. The widely used ventilation ventilation system is mainly used. The penetrating ventilation means that the fan is installed on the side wall, and an air inlet is provided at the corresponding part of the wall on the opposite side of the fan. After fresh air enters the air inlet, it passes through the horizontal diameter of the chicken house and is discharged outside. This ventilation design requires the amount of exhaust air to be slightly larger than the intake air volume, so that the air pressure inside the house is slightly lower than the outside air pressure, which is conducive to fresh air outside the house under the influence of the negative pressure and automatically flow into the house. The general air velocity is 0.5 m/s in summer and 0.1 to 0.2 m/s in winter, which can be measured with a ball anemometer. After measuring the air flow rate and ventilation area, the ventilation volume can be calculated. Ventilation volume (m3/h) = 3600 Ventilation area (m2) Air flow rate (m/s).

2. Longitudinal ventilation. When the length of the chicken house is more than 80 meters and the span is more than 10 meters, longitudinal ventilation should be adopted. This not only optimizes the rationality of the ventilation design of the chicken house, reduces the installation cost, but also obtains the ideal ventilation effect. Longitudinal ventilation refers to installing the fan on the side wall of the broiler house, and setting up an air inlet on the opposite side of the fan or the opposite side walls of the gable, so that the fresh air can penetrate into the hen house under negative pressure. Trail out of homes. The length of the exhaust fan is 1.25 to 1.40 meters. The fan surface of the exhaust fan should be at an angle of 100 degrees to the wall surface. The ventilation efficiency can be increased by 10%. The air velocity is 2.0 to 2.2 meters per second. The distance between each fan is 2.5 to 3.0 meters. . During the high temperature season in summer, in order to effectively reduce the temperature of the chicken house, it is usually necessary to install a wet curtain at the air inlet, ie the temperature of the wet curtain is reduced. For ventilation calculations, see Horizontal Ventilation System. Due to the advantages of simple design and installation, low cost, good ventilation and cooling effect, the longitudinal ventilation system of the chicken house has been widely used in the production of contemporary chickens.

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