The radish heart is also called hollow, that is, the hollow part of the xylem of the fleshy root.
1. Causes: (1) related to the variety. The succulent root thin-walled cells are large in size, and the fleshy roots are poorly densified, which is prone to jealousy. (2) It is related to soil quality. Radish cultivated in sandy soil is more prevalent than radish cultivated in loam or clay. (3) Improper water supply. During the growth period, the water was even in the early stage, but the later drought, especially in the period of the formation of the fleshy roots, the soil was dehydrated and the growth was hindered, resulting in jealousy. (4) The planting density is unreasonable. Under the condition of wide row spacing, the fleshy roots grow too fast, and the growth of leaves and heels are out of balance, so that the organic nutrients produced in the aboveground parts are not enough to supply the growth of the fleshy roots in the lower part of the ground, which is prone to jealousy. (5) Fertilization is unreasonable. In particular, the late topdressing is too late, the amount is too much, and the combination of fertilizers is not appropriate, and the nitrogen fertilizer is applied much, so that the radish shoots grow too vigorously, and the roots are enlarged and cause sputum. (6) The harvest is too late or the phenomenon of early convulsion has occurred. (7) In the process of harvesting, storage and transportation, it causes cracks, cracks and other wounds, which is an increase in respiratory function and excessive consumption of nutrients. (8) The storage temperature is too high. The suitable temperature for radish storage is 1-3 degrees, and more than 3 degrees of easy germination growth leads to radish heart. (9) The storage environment is dry. The ideal air humidity is 90-95%. When it is lower than 90%, the radish is dehydrated to make the tissue soft and hearty.
2. Control measures: (1) Choose varieties that are not easy to be heart-wrenched and have a high degree of meat density. (2) Reasonable close planting. (3) Scientific fertilization. In the spring, radish fertilization should adopt the principle of base fertilizer and topdressing as the supplement, and pay attention to the reasonable combination of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. (4) The water supply should be uniform. Prevent the soil from being too dry and too wet, and keep the soil moisture at 70%-80%, especially in the late stage of radish growth. (5) Harvest at the right time. (6) Chemical control, generally in the first half of harvest, spray a 50mg/kg gibberellin solution (do not spray too early, so as not to inhibit the expansion of meaty root), or spray a 10mg/kg naphthalene acetic acid solution, which does not affect the meat quality. Root growth can prevent heart and delay maturity. If 10mg/kg naphthaleneacetic acid is sprayed, add 5% sucrose and 5mg/kg borax solution, and mix the three to prevent better heart effect. (7) Minimize mechanical damage such as broken skin and fracture during harvesting and transportation. (8) Pay attention to the temperature and humidity of temporary storage.
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