Roughage includes hay and straw feeds, which are characterized by low nutrient content and high cellulose content. Due to the different digestive and physiological characteristics of various livestock and poultry, the demand for roughage varies greatly.
The demand of ruminants for roughage The cattle, sheep and camels of ruminant livestock have four different functions of stomach: rumen, honeycomb, abomasum, and repetitive stomach, and have high digestion and utilization of roughage. Under grazing conditions, natural grassland or artificial grassland can basically meet their nutritional needs. In the condition of feeding, roughage accounts for 70%~80% of the diet. Ruminant livestock has a good use of straw feed. Corn mash feed, fattening bulls have a daily diet of 9 to 10 kilograms, and with 3 kilograms of concentrate feed, the daily gain can be as high as 5000 grams or more. The digestion and utilization rate of corn stalks is 40%~45%, and the digestibility of ammoniated corn stalks is about 60%. Roughage of cellulose content of more than 30%, in the digestive tract filling effect, and promote gastrointestinal motility and improve digestive function. Therefore, in ruminant livestock diets, there must be sufficient roughage in order to fully utilize the effects of other feeds.
Demand for roughage in non-ruminant livestock Non-ruminant livestock refers to pigs in horses, donkeys, storks, and omnivores in herbivores. Horses, donkeys, and quails have a more developed cecum and can also make heavy use of roughage. However, under normal circumstances, the roughage can be processed or mixed with appropriate amount of concentrate feed to achieve better feeding results. Pigs have poor digestion and absorption of roughage and need to process the roughage into powder. The amount used should not exceed 10%. High-quality grass powder can be slightly more, straw powder is generally 5% to 6%, too much will have a negative effect.
Poultry's Demand for Roughage Gooses and ducks in poultry prefer to eat fresh grasses and wild herbs. The proportion of roughage in the diet is about 5%, and the roughage of broilers or layers only accounts for 2% to 3% in the diet. Poultry has low digestive utilization of roughage and requires high-quality grass flour such as alfalfa, clover and other grass powders. The roughage mainly plays the role of promoting the motility of gastrointestinal foods in poultry breeding. The main nutrient is provided by the concentrate feed. (Author: Hong Science)
Goji, Goji Berry, or wolfberry is the fruit of either the Lycium barbarum or Lycium chinense, Lycium is a genus name and pronounced similarly to the word "Lycos", which means wolf in Greek. Goji is pronounced similarly to its Chinese pinyin "gÇ’uqÇ". With the increase of its exports, the name "goji" is becoming more and more popular.
Goji berry ( [Goji" means [happy") has been used for thousands of years by herbalists in China to protect the liver, help eyesight, boost immune function, improve circulation, and promote longevity and overall well being. It has only recently gained popularity in the west, it has become so polar, in fact, the Time Magazine recently named the Goji berry as [super-fruit" of the year. A big reason why Goji berries have quickly become a favorite nutritional supplement is that its impressive list of ingredients. The Goji berry, also called the wolfberry, is a bright purplish red or purple red berry that comes from a shrub that is native to China. In Asia, goji berries have been eaten for generation in the hope of living longer.
Goji Berry
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