Summer temperatures are high, chicken skin does not have sweat glands, and the body is covered with feathers. Therefore, chickens are not heat-resistant and cannot tolerate sustained high temperatures above 30°C. When the shepherd temperature is above 28°C, the chicken begins to breathe and the hen's appetite decreases, often resulting in insufficient intake of nutrients such as protein, energy, vitamins, amino acids, and minerals, resulting in decreased egg production, reduced egg weight, and even heat stroke and death. In order to maintain high-yield and stable production of laying hens in summer and improve feeding efficiency, it is necessary to strengthen feeding management and adopt effective comprehensive technical measures.
First, keep the temperature maintained at 28 °C below the insulation layer layer of the chicken house to the roof insulation layer, you can cover the roof of a wet mat, you can also cover the roof of a layer of low-cost asbestos.
White paint. Use white paint or lime to whiten the sunny side wall and the top of the house to reduce the house temperature.
Ventilation cooling. Closed-type houses can be equipped with fans or ceiling fans. Longitudinal ventilation is better than horizontal ventilation, and the wind speed in summer houses is 1.0 m/s to 1.2 m/s. Wet curtain is the most economical and effective cooling measure in current scale production. Vertical ventilation combined with wet curtain cooling to prevent heat stress is better. The open house can be equipped with fans, open all doors and windows to promote air circulation, and the best measure to relieve the heat stress of laying hens is water spray.
Spray water to cool down. When the temperature exceeds 32°C, a high-pressure rotary atomizer may be used to spray cool water on the top of the house or cool the chicken with cold water spray, generally lowering the Sherwin's temperature by 5°C to 10°C.
Second, adjust the feed formula to increase fat, reduce carbohydrate content of high energy content of fat, less body heat generated by metabolism, add 3%% fat, can meet the energy requirements of the layer without increasing food intake, increase the feed Palatability. Carbohydrates produce more heat during digestion and metabolism, and their proportion should be appropriately reduced.
Appropriately reduce the level of crude protein in the feed and maintain the necessary amino acid levels by adding 0.1% to 0.15% of methionine and 0.05% of lysine.
Increase the ratio of calcium and phosphorus in feed. In summer, laying hens are mostly at the peak of egg production, and calcium and phosphorus are required in large quantities. At the same time, the utilization rate of organic phosphorus in the feed was significantly reduced. Therefore, the proportion of calcium and phosphorus in the feed should be increased, and 1% to 2% of bone meal and 2% of shell powder can be increased.
Increase multi-vitamin content. The amount of multivitamins added in the summer can be increased by 2-3 times. Vitamin C is one of the most studied anti-heat stress additives at home and abroad. Adding 200 mg/kg vitamin C to diet or drinking water can significantly reduce the effect of heat stress on laying hens. Vitamin A is easily deficient at high temperatures. Properly increasing the vitamin A content can increase feed intake and egg production.
Improve feed palatability and increase appetite. In summer, chickens are anorexic. After feeding the concentrate, they can add fresh green and juicy succulent feeds such as vegetables and watermelons, but should not exceed 20% of the feed volume. Adjust electrolyte balance. The addition of 1% ammonia chloride and 0.5% sodium bicarbonate to chicken diets and the addition of 0.2% potassium chloride and ammonia chloride to chicken drinking water can reduce the harm caused by heat stress.
Add anti-stress drugs. Adding 0.004%% bacitracin zinc to the feed can increase the feed conversion rate and also have the effect of resisting heat stress. Adding 0.3%% citric acid to the feed can relieve heat stress, increase egg production rate and feed compensation; Adding 0.1%% fumaric acid or other sedative drugs to feed or drinking water can effectively relieve heat stress and increase egg production rate. Adding 0.1%% of Acanthopanax extract can increase the egg production rate by 10.2%. Add some herbal medicines that are detoxified, anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory, such as musk, double flower, Radix, Atractylodes, Gentiana, Ligustrum lucidum, Schisandra, etc., into powder, and add it to the feed in a proportion of 1%. Can reduce and eliminate the harm of heat stress and increase egg production rate.
Third, strengthen feeding and management to reduce breeding density. In general, the area required for raising each chicken is 0.4 square meters, and there are 3 cages per cage. Flat-range free-range, can raise 3 to 5 per square meter. A large group of breeding, each group of 200 is appropriate.
Fresh, clean cold water is provided throughout the day. In high-temperature weather layer chickens drink about 3 to 4 times the intake, to ensure that chickens can drink clean, pollution-free cold water throughout the day (water temperature is appropriate at around 10 °C). On a dog day, it is best to change the water every 2 hours.
Remove chicken dung in time. Chicken feces are easily fermented in the summer and induce respiratory diseases. Therefore, the excrement and litter in the house should be promptly cleaned (at least once every other day) to keep the house clean, dry, and hygienic.
Remove various stress factors. Should try to avoid a group of artificial stress behaviors such as group migration, transportation, and vaccination. When it must be done, you should choose to do it sooner or later or when the weather is cool. At the same time add some anti-stress drugs to feed and drinking water.
Change feeding management schedule. In the hot season, early lighting and early lighting should be adopted, ie turning on the light from 3:00 to 4:00 in the morning and turning off the light at 7:00 to 8:00 in the morning, and increase the number of feeding or sizing before the temperature rise in the morning. Chickens feed on the coolest days of the day. At the same time, the activities of the chickens should be reduced as much as possible, and feeding should be stopped at the hottest day of the afternoon, from 1 to 3 pm, in order to reduce the chicken's feeding activities.
Do a good job of preventing and controlling diseases. In the summer, we must focus on the prevention of coccidiosis in chickens. We should also pay attention to the prevention and control of colibacillosis and white-crown disease, and do a good job of immunization against Newcastle disease, fowl pox and bird flu.
Strict disinfection measures to ensure the health of the flock. The first is disinfection of chicken houses and utensils. The ground, walls, cages, sinks, and troughs of the chicken house should be selected for corrosion. Viruses, bacteria, and other pathogens that have a strong killing effect (such as 100 toxins, etc.) should be disinfected. Different types should be used for disinfection. The disinfectant; the second is chicken spray disinfection. Disinfection with chicken spray in the summer not only has the effect of killing pathogens and purifying the air in the chicken house, but also reduces Sherwin (about 4°C to 6°C), and should be performed at 10 o'clock in the morning and at 3 o'clock in the afternoon. The commonly used concentrations of poultry disinfectants used were: 100ppm of poison, 150% of benzalkonium chloride, 0.3% of peracetic acid, and 0.2%-0.3% of sodium hypochlorite. Other high-efficiency and non-toxic fungicides can be used according to instructions. Third, chicken farms should pay attention to rodents, mosquitoes, flies and deworming at any time to ensure that chickens are healthy and disease-free and stable.
First, keep the temperature maintained at 28 °C below the insulation layer layer of the chicken house to the roof insulation layer, you can cover the roof of a wet mat, you can also cover the roof of a layer of low-cost asbestos.
White paint. Use white paint or lime to whiten the sunny side wall and the top of the house to reduce the house temperature.
Ventilation cooling. Closed-type houses can be equipped with fans or ceiling fans. Longitudinal ventilation is better than horizontal ventilation, and the wind speed in summer houses is 1.0 m/s to 1.2 m/s. Wet curtain is the most economical and effective cooling measure in current scale production. Vertical ventilation combined with wet curtain cooling to prevent heat stress is better. The open house can be equipped with fans, open all doors and windows to promote air circulation, and the best measure to relieve the heat stress of laying hens is water spray.
Spray water to cool down. When the temperature exceeds 32°C, a high-pressure rotary atomizer may be used to spray cool water on the top of the house or cool the chicken with cold water spray, generally lowering the Sherwin's temperature by 5°C to 10°C.
Second, adjust the feed formula to increase fat, reduce carbohydrate content of high energy content of fat, less body heat generated by metabolism, add 3%% fat, can meet the energy requirements of the layer without increasing food intake, increase the feed Palatability. Carbohydrates produce more heat during digestion and metabolism, and their proportion should be appropriately reduced.
Appropriately reduce the level of crude protein in the feed and maintain the necessary amino acid levels by adding 0.1% to 0.15% of methionine and 0.05% of lysine.
Increase the ratio of calcium and phosphorus in feed. In summer, laying hens are mostly at the peak of egg production, and calcium and phosphorus are required in large quantities. At the same time, the utilization rate of organic phosphorus in the feed was significantly reduced. Therefore, the proportion of calcium and phosphorus in the feed should be increased, and 1% to 2% of bone meal and 2% of shell powder can be increased.
Increase multi-vitamin content. The amount of multivitamins added in the summer can be increased by 2-3 times. Vitamin C is one of the most studied anti-heat stress additives at home and abroad. Adding 200 mg/kg vitamin C to diet or drinking water can significantly reduce the effect of heat stress on laying hens. Vitamin A is easily deficient at high temperatures. Properly increasing the vitamin A content can increase feed intake and egg production.
Improve feed palatability and increase appetite. In summer, chickens are anorexic. After feeding the concentrate, they can add fresh green and juicy succulent feeds such as vegetables and watermelons, but should not exceed 20% of the feed volume. Adjust electrolyte balance. The addition of 1% ammonia chloride and 0.5% sodium bicarbonate to chicken diets and the addition of 0.2% potassium chloride and ammonia chloride to chicken drinking water can reduce the harm caused by heat stress.
Add anti-stress drugs. Adding 0.004%% bacitracin zinc to the feed can increase the feed conversion rate and also have the effect of resisting heat stress. Adding 0.3%% citric acid to the feed can relieve heat stress, increase egg production rate and feed compensation; Adding 0.1%% fumaric acid or other sedative drugs to feed or drinking water can effectively relieve heat stress and increase egg production rate. Adding 0.1%% of Acanthopanax extract can increase the egg production rate by 10.2%. Add some herbal medicines that are detoxified, anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory, such as musk, double flower, Radix, Atractylodes, Gentiana, Ligustrum lucidum, Schisandra, etc., into powder, and add it to the feed in a proportion of 1%. Can reduce and eliminate the harm of heat stress and increase egg production rate.
Third, strengthen feeding and management to reduce breeding density. In general, the area required for raising each chicken is 0.4 square meters, and there are 3 cages per cage. Flat-range free-range, can raise 3 to 5 per square meter. A large group of breeding, each group of 200 is appropriate.
Fresh, clean cold water is provided throughout the day. In high-temperature weather layer chickens drink about 3 to 4 times the intake, to ensure that chickens can drink clean, pollution-free cold water throughout the day (water temperature is appropriate at around 10 °C). On a dog day, it is best to change the water every 2 hours.
Remove chicken dung in time. Chicken feces are easily fermented in the summer and induce respiratory diseases. Therefore, the excrement and litter in the house should be promptly cleaned (at least once every other day) to keep the house clean, dry, and hygienic.
Remove various stress factors. Should try to avoid a group of artificial stress behaviors such as group migration, transportation, and vaccination. When it must be done, you should choose to do it sooner or later or when the weather is cool. At the same time add some anti-stress drugs to feed and drinking water.
Change feeding management schedule. In the hot season, early lighting and early lighting should be adopted, ie turning on the light from 3:00 to 4:00 in the morning and turning off the light at 7:00 to 8:00 in the morning, and increase the number of feeding or sizing before the temperature rise in the morning. Chickens feed on the coolest days of the day. At the same time, the activities of the chickens should be reduced as much as possible, and feeding should be stopped at the hottest day of the afternoon, from 1 to 3 pm, in order to reduce the chicken's feeding activities.
Do a good job of preventing and controlling diseases. In the summer, we must focus on the prevention of coccidiosis in chickens. We should also pay attention to the prevention and control of colibacillosis and white-crown disease, and do a good job of immunization against Newcastle disease, fowl pox and bird flu.
Strict disinfection measures to ensure the health of the flock. The first is disinfection of chicken houses and utensils. The ground, walls, cages, sinks, and troughs of the chicken house should be selected for corrosion. Viruses, bacteria, and other pathogens that have a strong killing effect (such as 100 toxins, etc.) should be disinfected. Different types should be used for disinfection. The disinfectant; the second is chicken spray disinfection. Disinfection with chicken spray in the summer not only has the effect of killing pathogens and purifying the air in the chicken house, but also reduces Sherwin (about 4°C to 6°C), and should be performed at 10 o'clock in the morning and at 3 o'clock in the afternoon. The commonly used concentrations of poultry disinfectants used were: 100ppm of poison, 150% of benzalkonium chloride, 0.3% of peracetic acid, and 0.2%-0.3% of sodium hypochlorite. Other high-efficiency and non-toxic fungicides can be used according to instructions. Third, chicken farms should pay attention to rodents, mosquitoes, flies and deworming at any time to ensure that chickens are healthy and disease-free and stable.
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