Potatoes differ from sweet potatoes in that they are the bulk of underground stems. Therefore, if the temperature and humidity are suitable, the roots of the plant can be shaded and the stem can be grown and the potato can grow. According to this principle, the research project “No-tillage in paddy fields and new straw-covered potato plantation†undertaken by the China National Rice Research Institute and other organizations has yielded a yield of 2,000 kilograms per acre. This is another new technology for agricultural light cultivation. It is a revolutionary breakthrough in the history of potato cultivation. It has changed the traditional method of potato cultivation. Rice fields are free of tillage and “Seed potatoes†are changed to “pile potatoesâ€, and “digging potatoes†is changed to “pick potatoesâ€, which saves labor and reduces costs. At the same time, straw cover inhibits weed growth, improves surface microclimate, and reduces pests and diseases. It can be used without pesticides, and the potato is fast and round, with fresh color, with less soil at the time of harvest, and low breakage rate, which can improve the product's commercial property and promote Pollution-free green food production. Technical points: 1. Seasonal arrangements. The spring is generally planted in mid-to-late February, harvested in late May, planted in mid-season at the beginning of June, and planted in early autumn after the harvest of early-midseason rice and harvested after the end of November. 2, fine soil preparation. No-tillage in paddy fields, excavation of high-yield ditch (drainage and irrigation ditch), ditch width 15cm, depth 15cm, adjacent ditch (open width) 160cm. The excavated soil can not be piled on the ditch along, should make the surface slightly arched, To avoid water. Normal grasses and rice bran do not affect planting. If large grasses can be toppled or skim, do not use herbicides. 3, seed potato preparation. Select suitable early maturing varieties, such as Dongnong 303 and Zhongshu No.3. Seed should be germinated, with a good seed germination 1cm long effect; large potato species should be cut, each cut with at least one robust bud, incision from the bud more than 1cm, the shape of the cut to tetrahedron is better, Avoid cutting into thin slices. Cuts can be used 50% carbendazim wettable powder 250-500 times liquid immersion, dried slightly with plant ash and mix well, can be sown the next day. 4, planting density. Each seedling was sown at 4-5 inches, with a spacing of 30-40 cm, a spacing of 25 cm, and 20 cm in each side. Place the potato shoots upright and cover evenly 8-10cm thick straw. Straw should be spread over the entire surface without leaving empty space. 5, scientific fertilization. According to the rice field fertility and yield requirements one-time base fertilizer, do not top-dressing. If decomposed manure is used as the base fertilizer, the soil can be appropriately divided and placed on the seed potato directly when sowing; if using chemical fertilizer, the compound fertilizer is better, and the fertilizer can be placed in the middle of two kinds of seed potatoes, and can also be placed on the seed. Close to the side of the potatoes, but need to maintain a distance of 5cm or more to prevent rotten species. 6, reasonable irrigation. Natural precipitation can generally meet the requirements of this technology. However, the new straw absorbs less moisture, is slower, and is easier to dry, so that the potato seedlings are affected by drought. The timely irrigation can be performed in a suitable amount of water in the high-yield ditch. The water layer should be shallow so as not to drift the straw, and it is drained and drained in time. The temperature during sowing in autumn is high, and special attention should be paid to timely irrigation to ensure strong seedlings. After the straw rots for a time, its water holding capacity is enhanced, especially the straw that is close to the soil surface has high humidity and is not easy to dry, which is unfavorable to the growth of the potato seedlings. Therefore, attention should be paid to drainage during the continuous rainy weather. In addition, the choice of strong sand fields is more suitable for potato cultivation and implementation. 7, prevent pests and diseases. Straw covering the entire process can inhibit the growth of weeds, and generally do not use herbicides; disease early damage is light, you can do without pesticides. 8, timely harvest. As a result of no-tillage and straw-covered rice fields, more than 70% of the potato stalks on the surface of potatoes can be picked up by picking up the straw. A few of the stalks that grow in cracks or pores are also very shallow and easy to excavate. Compared with conventional soil planting, the tubers are round, fresh and fresh, and the breakage rate is significantly lower. In the case of labor permission, it is also possible to harvest in stages, that is to say, the straw can be used to gently extract and harvest the potato chips that have grown up, and then the straw can be grown to keep the small potato pieces growing. It can also have higher output and improve overall economic benefits.
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