First, balanced fertilization. According to the demand for nutrients at different stages of vegetable growth, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be used for balanced fertilization. Nitrogen fertilizer should be applied to reduce nitrogen, stabilize phosphorus, and increase potassium. Organic fertilizer, NPK, and trace elements and fertilizers should be applied together.
Second, increase the use of fully cooked organic farmyard fertilizers to improve soil fertility. Organic manure is applied in vegetable fields. Organic colloids are formed during the decomposing process. Organic colloids have strong adsorption ability to cations. When chemical fertilizers are applied to soil, cations are mostly adsorbed by colloids, so the concentration of soil solution will not rise. Too high can increase the buffer capacity of soil nutrients and greatly reduce the possibility of fertilizer damage.
Third, control the amount of fertilizer. As long as the amount of chemical fertilizers is controlled, the fertilizer damage will be greatly reduced. Ammonium bicarbonate should not exceed 30 kg per mu and urea should not exceed 10 kg.
Fourth, promote the deep application of all layers, stratified application method. It is not appropriate to spread on the surface of the soil and distribute the fertilizer evenly throughout the entire cultivation layer. Acupuncture points should be more than 10 cm from the roots of the crop. At the same time, pay attention to fertilization to properly water, keep the soil moist, reduce the solution, to avoid concentration damage.
Fifth, the application of granular fertilizer. At present, there are many compound or mixed grain fertilizers, some of which contain about 15% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, some of which are 10% and so on, which is the so-called nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ternary compound fertilizer. This fertilizer is often in the form of granular fertilizer. Although the total nutrients of granular fertilizers are large, most of them change from quick-acting to slow-acting. The particles need to be softened in the soil, and the nutrients are gradually released. This avoids suddenly causing high concentrations of soil solution and burns the root system.
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