With the continuous improvement of people’s living standards and China's accession to the WTO, people’s demand for vegetables has become increasingly stringent, especially for the “safety†of vegetables. There is also a strong demand for vegetable production in accordance with the requirements of pollution-free vegetables. Row. Among the many links in the production of pollution-free vegetables, the most important ones are the following “three levelsâ€.
One is the environment of origin. The production environment is the prerequisite for the production of pollution-free vegetables. The place of production should be chosen as having a good ecological environment. The production area and the upper reaches of irrigation are not directly or directly contaminated by industrial “three wastesâ€, urban domestic waste, and medical waste. The well is located 100 meters away from the main road of the highway. The background value of soil heavy metals is high, pathogenic microbial contamination is serious, and high-risk areas with endemic diseases related to soil and water sources cannot be used as pollution-free production areas. Establish environment before production site including soil (project includes PH, cadmium, lead, mercury, arsenic, chromium, BHC, DDT), water quality (project includes PH, cadmium, lead, mercury, fluorine, arsenic, hexa-phenol chrome, cyanide (substances, chlorides), atmosphere (the project has nitrogen oxides, sulfur trioxide, fluorides, etc.) to carry out monitoring and monitoring, in line with the requirements of the "pollution-free agricultural products - production environment standards" in order to establish a base.
The second is the use of pesticides. Pesticides are another important factor that cause most serious vegetable pollution and affect the quality of vegetable products. Pollution-free vegetables should be strictly screened for the use of pesticides. Priority should be given to the use of biological pesticides and the selective use of high-efficiency, low-toxicity, low-residue pesticides. At present, the commonly used insecticides for production include B/T series, avermectin series, sterilizing bacteria esters, plant extracts, insect hormones (mimantan, casketoxin, and CPT), and a few organophosphorus pesticides. Fruits, trichlorfon, phoxim, thoms, farmland) and other pesticides such as dimehypo, imidacloprid, etc.; bactericides include carbendazim, thiophanate, glucosyl, prochlorant, bor, B Oxalate and so on. It is forbidden to use highly toxic and high residue pesticides such as methamidophos, carbofuran, insecticidal guanidine, omethoate, dicofol, methyl 1605 and other pesticides. At the same time, the length of time from the last application to harvesting, that is, the safety interval of pesticides, should be strictly controlled. General biological pesticides 3-5 days, pyrethroid pesticides 5-7 days, organophosphorus pesticides 7-10 days (a few more than 14 days). The fungicides except for chlorothalonil and carbendazim require 14 days and the rest are 7-10 days.
The third is fertilizer application. The improper use of chemical fertilizers, especially nitrogen fertilizers, is another factor that leads to the enrichment of nitrates in plants and to vegetable pollution. The pollution-free vegetables should be used as the guiding ideology to improve soil fertility, reduce nitrate content, improve vegetable quality and increase yield. Fertilizer should be dominated by organic fertilizers, promote formula fertilization, to control nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, promote the application of microbial fertilizer, compound fertilizer, vegetable fertilizer, targeted use of trace fertilizer. Nitrogen fertilization was applied in a timely and appropriate manner, but chemical fertilizers were banned for 20 days prior to harvesting to reduce the contamination of vegetables.
One is the environment of origin. The production environment is the prerequisite for the production of pollution-free vegetables. The place of production should be chosen as having a good ecological environment. The production area and the upper reaches of irrigation are not directly or directly contaminated by industrial “three wastesâ€, urban domestic waste, and medical waste. The well is located 100 meters away from the main road of the highway. The background value of soil heavy metals is high, pathogenic microbial contamination is serious, and high-risk areas with endemic diseases related to soil and water sources cannot be used as pollution-free production areas. Establish environment before production site including soil (project includes PH, cadmium, lead, mercury, arsenic, chromium, BHC, DDT), water quality (project includes PH, cadmium, lead, mercury, fluorine, arsenic, hexa-phenol chrome, cyanide (substances, chlorides), atmosphere (the project has nitrogen oxides, sulfur trioxide, fluorides, etc.) to carry out monitoring and monitoring, in line with the requirements of the "pollution-free agricultural products - production environment standards" in order to establish a base.
The second is the use of pesticides. Pesticides are another important factor that cause most serious vegetable pollution and affect the quality of vegetable products. Pollution-free vegetables should be strictly screened for the use of pesticides. Priority should be given to the use of biological pesticides and the selective use of high-efficiency, low-toxicity, low-residue pesticides. At present, the commonly used insecticides for production include B/T series, avermectin series, sterilizing bacteria esters, plant extracts, insect hormones (mimantan, casketoxin, and CPT), and a few organophosphorus pesticides. Fruits, trichlorfon, phoxim, thoms, farmland) and other pesticides such as dimehypo, imidacloprid, etc.; bactericides include carbendazim, thiophanate, glucosyl, prochlorant, bor, B Oxalate and so on. It is forbidden to use highly toxic and high residue pesticides such as methamidophos, carbofuran, insecticidal guanidine, omethoate, dicofol, methyl 1605 and other pesticides. At the same time, the length of time from the last application to harvesting, that is, the safety interval of pesticides, should be strictly controlled. General biological pesticides 3-5 days, pyrethroid pesticides 5-7 days, organophosphorus pesticides 7-10 days (a few more than 14 days). The fungicides except for chlorothalonil and carbendazim require 14 days and the rest are 7-10 days.
The third is fertilizer application. The improper use of chemical fertilizers, especially nitrogen fertilizers, is another factor that leads to the enrichment of nitrates in plants and to vegetable pollution. The pollution-free vegetables should be used as the guiding ideology to improve soil fertility, reduce nitrate content, improve vegetable quality and increase yield. Fertilizer should be dominated by organic fertilizers, promote formula fertilization, to control nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, promote the application of microbial fertilizer, compound fertilizer, vegetable fertilizer, targeted use of trace fertilizer. Nitrogen fertilization was applied in a timely and appropriate manner, but chemical fertilizers were banned for 20 days prior to harvesting to reduce the contamination of vegetables.
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