Listed on the Spring Festival New Peach Variety - Winter Snow Peach
The Winter Mushroom Peach, a new breed of extremely late ripe peach that we have been breeding in winter for eight years, has ended the winter without a peach fruit supply history, and has created a new era of Spring Festival listing. As we all know, apples resistant to storage, can be sold for a quarter of a year, while the peach fruit is not resistant to storage, can only be sold quarterly, peach fruit ripening after picking in natural conditions, as many as five days, ranging from 2-3 days. It is stored in cold storage, although it can be stored for 1-2 months, but due to browning under the condition of low temperature, and the loss of food value, the supply of peach fruit can only rely on different mature varieties of the market, one species can only The price of goods is maintained for about 5 days, while the winter is the supply of peach fruit. The arrival of Dongxuewang Peach filled this void, extending the period of peach fruit prices in the winter by 3-4 months, realizing the dream of listing on the Spring Festival. And Winter Snow Peach has six characteristics of late maturity, resistance to possession, large size, high quality, high yield and high efficiency. Daejeon can produce more than 10,000 kilograms of mu per mu, and the income is 2-3 million yuan (pickling period). Cold storage (freezing of pulp in the cold storage) The income of the listed mu can reach 50,000 yuan from the New Year to the Spring Festival, such as winter greenhouses. Engaging in delayed cultivation can be listed on the New Year's Day to the Spring Festival. The income per mu is between 10 and 15 thousand yuan. Greenhouse bonsai delayed cultivation Spring Festival listing, acres of shed income up to 500,000 yuan. It is a good breed for farmers to become rich and develop top-level development projects for high-efficiency agriculture. The main traits and cultivation points are as follows:
First, the main traits
l. The botanical characteristics of the tree are more open and the main branch angle is 45. --55. One-year-old mature branches red-brown, two-year-old branches dark red brown, three-year-old branches gray-brown, main branches and perennial branches pale. Dark green leaves, large leaves, lanceolate, leaf margin jagged, blunt, veins reticulate, leaf length 13.82cm, width 3.16cm, petiole length 1.8cm, tip acuminate, nectary kidney, great, Petals pink, half open, pollen mass. Small cylinder.
2. The economical character of fruit is round, longitudinal diameter 7.2cm, transverse diameter 7.8cm, fruit shape is correct. If the fruit is big, the average fruit weight is 216.5 grams and the maximum is 400 grams. The background is yellow-green with a patch of bright red roses. Fruit top flat. The fruit surface is light and clean with less hair, shallow stems and no fruit rust. The peel is thick and smooth. Pink near the core of the flesh, milky white near the skin; hard and brittle meat, soluble content of l8.1%, up to 26%, sweet flavor, excellent quality; small fruit, fruit edible rate of 97%. Nucleus to seminuclear. Fruit hardness, resistance to possession, can be stored at room temperature to New Year's Day, cold storage until the Spring Festival.
3, the results of growth habits Winter Snow Peach Sapling Jian Wang, upright, parked for a long time, the annual growth of large, the results of the tree after the moderate, the crown opened. Annual branches grow vigorously with multiple growth habits. Saplings were dominated by the middle and long branches, and the tree potential was moderated with moderate and short fruiting branches. Self-pollination ability is strong, no need to configure pollination tree. As early as high yield, strong yield of 10,000 kilograms or more. Fruit development is clearly divided into three periods: From post-than-flowering to early June, it is a period of rapid fruit growth. The fruit grows faster and the longitudinal diameter develops more than the transverse diameter. In mid-June, the fruit enters a slow growing period, and the fruit grows slightly and colors. Dark green, many hairs; Until mid-September fruit into the rapid expansion, the rapid expansion of the fruit, hair and reduce the beginning of coloring, increased sugar content, showing that this species should have characteristics, in mid-late and late into the harvest period. There are two peaks in flower bud differentiation. In the middle of May, flower buds were differentiated in the middle and short branches. In the first half of September, the branches were extended and then they entered the second differentiation climax.
4, the phenophase general years in mid-March germination, early April flowering, flowering about 10 days. The fruit develops for about 200 days, and is harvested from mid-lO to early-November, leaving fruit to be delayed until the beginning of winter. Shoot growth period from early April to early September, with multiple growth habits. The cold resistance of the leaves is strong, and it is not until the temperatures drop to below zero in mid-November.
5, Adaptability and resistance to adaptability, drought resistance, cold resistance, few insects, disease resistance. In places where the hills are waterless, the growth results are normal. The cold-resistance ability is very strong. In general, the deciduous leaves begin to fall after one month of deciduousness in other peaches and peaches. In the season of pests and diseases frequently occurring in June-August, the peach is in a period of slow growth, with small fruit, many hairy hairs, and spawning fruit and insect pests rarely spawn on winter snow king peaches, so the rate of insect fruit is extremely low.
Second, cultivation points
l. To build a park with snow and peach trees. It is drought-tolerant and barren-resistant. It can be built on a 20-30cm thick hilly land. Below groundwater level lm, well-drained, there is no accumulation of water in the rainy season, there is no guilt, there is a well-ventilated plain, and sandy land in the mudflat can also be built. It is usually planted before sprouting in the spring and the rate of self-pollination is high, and no pollination tree is required. The suitable spacing of hills is 3m3m, 3m4m, and flatland is 3m5m or 4m5m.
2. Fertilizer and water management Before germination, after fruit set, the fruit is quickly topped up 3 times, especially in mid-September, the promotion of fruit fertilizer (ie, rapid fruit enlargement period) is particularly important. In the early stage, nitrogen fertilizer is dominant, and NPK fertilizer is applied later. Generally, O.5-1kg should be applied in the plant. After the beginning of May, after every 10-15 days, the spray is used for extra-root dressing, 3% of a 0.5% urea plus 0.3% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 200 times of photosynthetic fertilizer can also be sprayed. Irrigation combined with topdressing, 3-4 times throughout the year. That is, before germination, after fruit set, during the flood season, and frozen water. In the rainy season, it should be promptly drained and flooded.
3, pruning winter pruning Peach should adopt natural happy shape, the trunk is generally about 50cm, the main branch base angle 45-55. . The main branch of winter 1-2 years after planting should be light and should not be heavy, so as to increase the amount of branches as soon as possible and advance the results. Each year, long and middle fruit shoots are cultivated on the main branch into small fruiting branches or several single fruiting branches. In the main branch back, the result should be small and not too large, and the large and medium-sized branch groups can be left on both sides and under the back, and pay attention to the timely updating of the result branch. Each year, 2-3 summer cuts are carried out to remove long-distance skills and short vegetative shoots, and to accelerate branch culture.
4, before the pest control germination, branches spray 5 degrees sulfur, prevent and cure a variety of diseases and insect pests. At the flowering stage, a 50-fold methotrexate ring is applied to the base of the trunk to control aphids. In the growing season, when the locust is harmed, spray 1500 times. About 2000 days after flowering, Nissopol was sprayed once or 2000 times the net weight of S. euphratica. In mid-June, mid-July and mid-August, spray 25% diflubenzuron 3x 2000 times, or alternately spray 20% triflumuron 800-1000 times to control leaf miners. In late May and late June, 2000 times of peach Xiaoling was used to prevent peach aphid and peach borer. From the end of April, spraying 50% carbendazim 1000 times solution and 50% mancozeb 500 times solution alternately every half month to prevent fluidic bacteria and bacterial perforation.
Third, delayed cultivation of greenhouses
With winter greenhouses engaged in delayed cultivation, acres of greenhouse planting 300-500 strains. Before flowering (March-April), weeding grass in the daytime, weeding and cooling grass at night, the flowering time is delayed by 15-30 days. In November, the shed is started, maintained at 15-20 degrees during the day, and covered with grass in the evening. The internal temperature is not lower than 3 - 5 degrees. New Year's Day to Spring Festival fresh peaches can be picked on the section, about 20-30 yuan per catty, acres of shed income l0-15 million.
Fourth, bonsai cultivation
Bonsai cultivation can take many measures to pick up the heart, promote branching, and cultivate a compact tree. From March to April, it moved to the shade and delayed flowering. It began to move into the room in late October. It can also be bagged after the fruit set, and immediately after the bag is taken out in early October, it will be affixed with good fortune patterns such as Fu, Lu, Shou and Yi. After 10 days, the pattern, characters and patterns will be dried on the peach, and the green leaves and red fruit will be added. The patterns are in harmony, the concept of fruit is better than the concept of flowers, and the benefits are natural. For example, the bonsai cultivation method with greenhouse delay can be listed on the New Year's Day to the Spring Festival. The price of each pot is as high as 500 yuan, and the income of the shed bonsai is 500,000 to 1 million yuan. Great economic benefits. It is the best choice for developing efficient agriculture.
Institute of Fruit Research, Chongyou Road, Yimin City, Qingzhou City, Shandong Province
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