Flue-cured tobacco pesticide safe use technology

I. Alternate use of different types of pesticides

Practice has proved that some kinds of medium and low-toxicity pesticides can not only solve various pest and disease control problems encountered in production, but also have low use cost and high economic benefits. Most of the current pests and diseases, such as the use of commonly used pesticides, as long as the right medicine, timely medication and reasonable use of alternating, can basically control its occurrence of harm.

Second, the rational use of new and old pesticides

The large-scale test demonstration and repeated use proved that some new pesticides have high efficiency, low toxicity and low residual characteristics for certain pests and diseases, and the price is reasonable, which is worthy of popularization and application. However, if a single variety is used continuously, it often leads to the rapid emergence of drug resistance, and a new drug quickly loses its application value. This is a phenomenon often encountered in production. Therefore, in the production, the use of new pesticides alternately with some old pesticides whose overall performance is still good will often yield unexpected results. In the production, the new and old pesticides are properly matched. As long as they are used properly, they can not only achieve the desired control effect, but also reduce the cost and increase the economic benefits.

Third, the improvement of pesticide application methods

In the prevention and control of pests and diseases, we must adhere to the principle of “prevention as the mainstay and comprehensive prevention and control”, and carry out chemical prevention and control based on various preventive measures such as agriculture, biology, and physics. However, in the implementation of specific chemical control measures, due to the influence of various factors can not be exhaustive, then, at this time should focus on the key application period, key birth phase or key parts. Practice has proved that this will not only reduce the amount of pesticides used, reduce the pollution of pesticide residues, but also greatly improve the effect of pesticide application.

Fourth, the scientific use of pesticides

The scientific use of pesticides is to obtain the maximum control effect with the minimum amount of pesticides, and to minimize the adverse side effects of pesticides. How can we use pesticides scientifically?

(a) To understand the characteristics of pesticides, determine which pesticides to use based on the control subjects. Various insecticides have a certain range of control, some are wider, some are narrow, and some only have effects on certain pests. If you want to prevent and control a variety of pests during the same period, you must use a broad spectrum of pesticides. In order to prevent and treat certain pests in a targeted manner, selective high-level insecticides can be used to avoid killing natural enemies. Occasionally, pesticides with a long duration of action are selected based on the length of occurrence of pests.

(2) Do a good job in predicting and forecasting pests, timely applying pesticides timely and accurately forecasting the occurrence period, amount and severity of pests, so as to effectively formulate prevention and control programs. In general, it should be mastered in the young stage of pests, and the pesticide should be applied before the third instar, which can fully exert the control effect of the medicament. In short, we should master the application of pesticides in the sensitive insect pests.

(C) a reasonable determination of drug concentration and dosage. Application concentration is an important factor in determining efficacy. In general, the higher the concentration, the better the efficacy. However, once a certain limit is exceeded, the efficacy will not increase significantly with increasing concentrations. The drug concentration is too high and exceeds the need for control. It not only causes economic and material waste, but also may cause pests to produce drug resistance sooner due to the increase in the pressure of the selection of pharmaceuticals. It also causes phytotoxicity to crops and causes adverse effects such as environmental pollution. . However, if the dose is too low or the concentration is too low, the purpose of controlling pests cannot be achieved, which is also a waste of human and material resources. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly comply with the use of various pharmaceutical regulations, to grasp the amount of medication and application concentration.

(D) Select the appropriate dosage form, pay attention to the method of application. Different pesticide formulations should adopt different methods of application. In general, the emulsifiable concentrates, wettable powders, etc., are mainly sprayed and splashed; the granules are mainly applied by applicator or deep layer; the powders are dusted, soiled with poisonous soil, etc.; and the contact agent is sprayed. Mainly. Pests that harm the upper leaves are mainly sprayed and dusted. Pests that attack or damage the base of crops are mainly sprayed or soiled. In case of pests that are hazardous or leaf-wounding at night, the effect of applying pesticides in the evening is better. The dusting and spraying should be performed after the morning dew is dry. However, no matter which method of application is used, the spray should be sprayed on the surface of the crop according to the prescribed dose and concentration, so that it can be covered on the surface of the crop and develop well, so as to increase the chance of pests touching the medicament and improve the efficacy. The pests that control the activity are first sprayed from the field and surrounded by the middle.

(5) Rational rotation and mixing of pesticides. Long-term use of a certain pesticide to control a certain kind of pests, pests are likely to produce drug resistance; and if the use of pesticides with similar performance and different mechanisms of action, will increase the effectiveness of pesticide control. The rational use of pesticides can also increase the effectiveness of prevention and control. It can also expand the control targets and delay the emergence and development of pest resistance. However, it cannot be used blindly, otherwise it will not only result in waste, but also reduce the efficacy of the drug and even cause adverse effects such as poisoning by humans and livestock.

In addition, pesticides should be safely stored and transported in accordance with the pesticide management measures prescribed by the State.

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