Comprehensive Management of Winter Wheat and Summer Maize Rotation

How to increase production and income is the issue most concerned by farmers' friends. For this reason, based on summarizing years of scientific research achievements and production experience, the author briefly introduced the basic procedures for the production and management of winter wheat and summer maize in Hebei and Shandong. The comprehensive management of crop production is the key to high yield and income.

Production Characteristics of Winter Wheat and Summer Maize Rotation

Winter wheat and summer corn rotation are the main cropping systems in North China. Due to three crops in two years, the farming season is quite tense and there are two major characteristics in production management:

1. The crops constitute a production system, and agricultural management must be balanced. Before wheat sowing, there is ample time for soil preparation, fertilization and irrigation, while summer maize mainly utilizes rain and wheat phosphate fertilizer. Therefore, the amount of nitrogen applied to the two crops is roughly the same, while the phosphorus fertilizer is mainly applied to winter wheat, and the potassium fertilizer is mainly applied to summer maize.

2. The two crops combine high yields, and winter wheat can be sown late. The increase in seeding rate will save time and produce less. The late seeding of wheat can leave summer wheat with surplus summer crops to summer corn, changing summer corn varieties from early maturity to mid-mature, summer maize production one day, and early harvesting through timely harvesting and appropriate late harvest, giving full play to the potential for maize yield increase.

Winter wheat production management program

In late September, prepare excellent wheat varieties: select high-yield, lodging-tolerant, stress-tolerant and high spike-forming varieties, such as high-gluten wheat Gaoyou 503, Jimai 20, and Wanmai 12, etc.; medium-gluten wheat dwarf resistance 58 , Jinan No. 19, Shannong 664 and so on.

In early October, soil preparation, fertilization and sowing: combining deep plowing and deep plowing (appropriately about 25 cm), applying organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizers; selecting seeds, coating seed dressings or dressings with pesticides, and preventing pests and diseases; Planting adequate amount of appropriate period.

In mid-November, pre-winter management: Preserving the seedlings, and plunging the land after the rain, timely irrigation of winter water at an average temperature of 3 to 4°C in late November.

From March to April, the field management in spring: To strive for strong seedlings as the goal, according to the seedlings (Wang Miao, strong seedlings, weak seedlings), fertility, lyrics and other characteristics, combined with water and fertilizer, irrigation and cultivator combination, appropriate amount of timely fertilization, irrigation , cultivator and chemical weeding.

In mid-May, late management: Yanghua filling period, the windless days of irrigation, combined with appropriate irrigation fertigation or spraying foliar fertilizer, increase grain weight, prevention of dry hot wind; heading spraying pesticide control pests.

In mid-June, timely harvest: prepare for summer corn sowing.

Summer corn production management program

In late May, prepare good varieties: select early-maturing or mid-maturing varieties that are high in yield, density, and resistance, such as Nongda 108, Zhengdan 958, Ludan 50, and Denghai 9.

In late June, sowing time: sowing the seeds through the sun, coating, seed dressing, etc.; applying basal fertilizer before sowing or applying fertilizer when sowing; planting the athlete's foot; chemical weeding and so on. If you use straw to return to the field, you must add appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer.

From mid-June to early July, seedling management: Dianmiao Dingmiao (with no fertilization in the 4 leaves to apply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer; interplanting seedlings to be given Miaofei); prevention and control of pests and diseases.

From mid-July to mid-August, the key period of fertilizer and water management is: 1-2 times of cultivating; the top priority is to apply topdressing nitrogen fertilizer to the big bell mouth; from the big bell mouth to tasseling, the water should be watered during the drought of 20 days; and the pests should be prevented.

From late August to late September, post-management: appropriate fertilization after high-yield or deferred fertility; watering during drought; pest control; timely and late harvest, increasing corn yield by a few kilograms per night.

The above discussion on the comprehensive management of crop production has universal guiding significance for rotation and interplanting of winter wheat-summer corn rotations in North China and other crops, and its supporting technology also has certain reference value.

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