Affinity Affinity refers to the ability of rootstocks and scions to heal by grafting and normal growth and development, specifically referring to the similarities or differences in the internal structure, physiology and genetic characteristics of rootstocks and scions. Rootstock and scion incompatibility or low affinity mainly have the following performance. Poor healing of wounds: Failure to heal after grafting or poor healing ability, low survival rate; some may heal, but the buds do not germinate; the firmness of healing is poor, and it is easy to break in the late growth stage. The growth results are not normal: the leaves are yellow after grafting, the leaves are small and clustered, the growth is weak, and even they die; some early flower buds are formed in large numbers and the fruits do not develop normally. "Large and Small Feet" Phenomenon: The rootstock and scion interface are inconsistently up and down, some "big feet", some "small feet", and some are "rings". Late incompatibility: good growth in the early stages, and severe incompatibility in the later stages. Different varieties and different combinations of scion and rootstock have different affinities, and special attention should be paid to the breeding of pear seedlings. For example, when the golden pears were grafted onto Du Pear, the survival rate was less than 70%.
The quality of rootstock and rootstock of scion and rootstock is well developed, and the storage of nutrients is prolonged. It is easy to survive after grafting. Therefore, organizations should be selected to enrich the robust and full shoots for scion. The author summarizes the 22-year grafting experience: in grafting in summer, the survival rate of semi-lignified rootstock and lignification of the scion is the highest; the stocking rate of semi-lignification of the rootstock and the semi-lignification of the scion are high; and the lignification and the lignification survival rate of the scion are comparatively high. Low; if the rootstock is lignified and the survival rate of the semi-lignified scion is lower. Grafting in the spring, the lignification of the rootstocks and the lignification rate of the scion were high.
When the temperature was around 15°C, the callus grew slowly. At 15°C~20°C, the callus grew faster. At 20°C~30°C, the callus grew faster. Among them, the callus grew fastest at 25°C after grafting. Therefore, in the spring budding, as far as possible to graft the scion in the sunny position of the seedlings to increase the temperature at the interface; and budding in the summer, the scion should be connected to the back of the seedling to reduce the temperature at the interface. In spring branches, large noodles should also face the sun to increase the temperature at the interface.
Humidity interface maintains a certain humidity (relative humidity above 95%, but can not collect water), is conducive to the formation of callus. Therefore, the interface must be under humid environment conditions. After grafting, the interface must be airtight to prevent moisture evaporation. Test indicators: On the second day after grafting, there were no drops of water in the bound membranes, indicating that the binding was not strict and required re-grafting.
After light grafting, the callus grows faster under darker conditions. Therefore, when grafting in the summer, try to connect the scion to the shade of the nursery stock.
Operational techniques require skilled grafting techniques for grafting operations. Under the correct grafting technology operating conditions, the faster the grafting rate, the higher the survival rate. Whether the rootstock or the scion, cuts and noodles must be smooth, the joints should be tight, and the layers should be aligned.
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