First, the first seed collection:
1. Select species. In the bulbs matured in the field or production field, the mother bulbs are selected. The standard is: the bulbs are upright, firm, smooth, and have a significant ratio to the blades. The pseudostems above the bulbs are fine, but they are lodging, no convulsions, and no pests and diseases. The single bulbs left by the election remain single, and they are protected against rain and sun.
2. Planting. Most of the Shandong region was planted in mid-September. New roots and young seedlings have been established before winter. The planting density is 5000-6000 strains per mu with a spacing of 3535 cm. When planting should be slightly deeper, bulbs implanted in the top of the hole cover about 3 cm in order to facilitate overwintering and convulsions in the following year is not easy to lodging. Immediately after the planting, pour water into the soil and pour frozen water before winter to maintain proper moisture in the soil during overwintering. In the early October, compound fertilizer can be recovered once, 10-15 kg per mu. Before winter, cover the grass or organic fertilizer at the planting hole to protect the winter.
3. Seed management. After the seedlings return to green in the following year, they are poured back to Qingshui, and the appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer is applied in combination with watering. In order to increase the ground temperature, cultivating 1-2 times. Before the convulsions should be appropriate to control the water and fertilizer, so as not to grow long, to prevent flower bud lodging. After twitching and flowering, the ground should be kept moist, combined with watering, topdressing the compound fertilizer 1 times to promote full and rich seeds. In order to prevent the wind and flowers from falling down, we should build a shin guard to improve the seed quality. When the flowering period meets the rain or the air humidity is too high and the anther cannot crack, it should be artificially assisted in pollination. The onion seedlings are also harmed by onion thrips and onion flies, and should be controlled in time.
4. Harvested. After 3 weeks of flowering, when a small amount of pods on the top of the bulb turns black and cracking, it is suitable for harvesting. When the bulb is cut, leave the calyx about 30 cm long and put it in a well-ventilated area to allow the embryo to mature fully. One week later, the flowers were cut off and dried, threshed and stored.
Second, seed collection: When harvesting the bulb for the first time, be careful not to step on the wound and pull the mother strain. After the bulbs are collected, the mother bulbs are in summer. Keeping the field does not weed, do not cut the remaining flower buds, to shade, reduce the temperature, protect the bulbs to spend summer heat. When the soil is dry, small water should be poured to prevent the mother bulb from shrinking. After heavy rain, water shall be drained in time to prevent the bulbs from rot.
After the fall, after the mother bulbs germinate, clean the garden, remove the weeds and flower buds, and cultivate the loose soil to promote the germination of the mother bulbs.
Onion bulbs can produce 3-4 scale buds, forming 3-4 buds. In the calyx growth stage, a separate bulblet is formed at the base of each calyx, which contains 3-4 scale buds. After germination in the autumn, from the original mother bulb to 3-4 mother bulbs. In the autumn, it should be watered in time to keep the ground moist. Apply a compound fertilizer in combination with watering and apply 15 kg per mu. Pay attention to pest control, other management with conventional seed collection methods. In the spring of the following year, the number of pollen aspirate is 3-4 times that of the conventional method of seed collection in the first year, and the amount of seed production can be more than doubled. This kind of seed collection technology is planted in one year and the seeds are collected for two consecutive years, which reduces the cost, shortens the seed collection cycle, ensures the quality, and increases the output.
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