In recent years, low-cost plastic greenhouses have generally been adopted by flower producers. However, due to the low temperature and soil temperature in the winter sheds, the greenhouses are closed for a long time, and due to poor management, “five hazards†of varying degrees of frost, humidity, wind, gas and disease are prone to occur. The person who caused the death of the flower should take care to avoid it.
First, freezing damage to the north of the Yangtze River, winter temperatures are low, especially in late January to late February, there will be a low temperature below 0°C in the plastic greenhouse before sunrise, and freezing damage will often occur. Therefore, for flowers that are not tolerant to cold, such as Milan, primrose, and cineraria, a small shed should be placed in the shed at night and covered with straw. Planted flowers can also be covered with plastic film to increase soil temperature. After covering, it can increase the soil temperature above 1°C. In addition, it can also increase the application of organic fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. It can not only improve the soil pellet structure, increase the soil temperature, provide nutrients for flowers, but also enhance the antifreeze ability of flowers.
Second, the wet weather in winter rain and snow more time, if the greenhouse is sealed for a long time, the shed is easy to produce wet. Large soil moisture content will not only reduce the soil temperature, but also cause the lack of oxygen in the soil, seriously affecting the growth and development of flower roots. Therefore, a drainage ditch should be opened around the greenhouse so that the bright water can be drained quickly and the latent water can be drained, reducing the soil moisture. According to another report, planting ash on the surface of pots and floors can not only increase the temperature of heat absorption and absorption, but also increase the content of potassium fertilizer in the soil. We must tighten the shed film to prevent leakage of water from the roof during rain and snow.
Third, the main cause of wind damage is the pressure lines of plastic film can not stand the wind, so that the plastic film was blown or scratched, the flowers are destroyed. Therefore, the pressure wire of the film must use No. 8 lead wire or a No. 8 lead wire of nylon rope. Try not to use nylon rope alone. Secure the lead wire and nylon rope from both sides of the greenhouse.
Fourth, harmful plastic greenhouses can easily accumulate harmful gases under confined conditions. Harmful gases include ammonia, carbon monoxide, and sulfur dioxide. Ammonia is mainly produced when the organic fertilizer is not decomposed during the decomposition process, and the top-dressing chemical fertilizer also produces a large amount of ammonia. Carbon monoxide and sulphur dioxide are the gases evolved when coal is burned when it is warmed by an open flame in a shed. Therefore, the application of organic fertilizer must be fully decomposed, as little as possible with chemical fertilizers, if not, after the application should be promptly covered with soil. Clear and windless weather should ventilate and vent gases inside the shed. As far as possible in the shed, no open flame heating is used.
V. Diseases and Pests Although the humidity in plastic greenhouses is relatively high, it is easy to cause the occurrence and development of diseases. However, due to the reduction of the spread of wind and rain on the bacteria in the shed, and the temperature and humidity in the shed can be controlled by humans, there is also a favorable side.
1. Anthracnose Camellia, Milan, Evergreen, Clivia, orchids, Chinese rose and other flowers are vulnerable. At the beginning of the disease, 75% chlorothalonil 500 times or 70% thiophanate-methyl 1000 times can be sprayed. If the disease is heavy, it should be sprayed once every 7 to 10 days and sprayed two or three times in a row.
2. Powdery mildew is severely affected by high temperature and humidity, poor ventilation, and poor lighting conditions in the shed, especially the cineraria. Can spray 1:12:40 equal amount of Bordeaux mixture, 25% triadimefon 1000 times.
3. Pests and insect pests are mainly locusts, and they tend to focus on the young shoots, leaves, buds and other parts of flowers. After spraying, it can be sprayed with 5% Ruijinte 800 times, or 2.5% against 1500 times, or 25% Kung Fu with 1200 times. The killing rate can reach above 95%.
First, freezing damage to the north of the Yangtze River, winter temperatures are low, especially in late January to late February, there will be a low temperature below 0°C in the plastic greenhouse before sunrise, and freezing damage will often occur. Therefore, for flowers that are not tolerant to cold, such as Milan, primrose, and cineraria, a small shed should be placed in the shed at night and covered with straw. Planted flowers can also be covered with plastic film to increase soil temperature. After covering, it can increase the soil temperature above 1°C. In addition, it can also increase the application of organic fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. It can not only improve the soil pellet structure, increase the soil temperature, provide nutrients for flowers, but also enhance the antifreeze ability of flowers.
Second, the wet weather in winter rain and snow more time, if the greenhouse is sealed for a long time, the shed is easy to produce wet. Large soil moisture content will not only reduce the soil temperature, but also cause the lack of oxygen in the soil, seriously affecting the growth and development of flower roots. Therefore, a drainage ditch should be opened around the greenhouse so that the bright water can be drained quickly and the latent water can be drained, reducing the soil moisture. According to another report, planting ash on the surface of pots and floors can not only increase the temperature of heat absorption and absorption, but also increase the content of potassium fertilizer in the soil. We must tighten the shed film to prevent leakage of water from the roof during rain and snow.
Third, the main cause of wind damage is the pressure lines of plastic film can not stand the wind, so that the plastic film was blown or scratched, the flowers are destroyed. Therefore, the pressure wire of the film must use No. 8 lead wire or a No. 8 lead wire of nylon rope. Try not to use nylon rope alone. Secure the lead wire and nylon rope from both sides of the greenhouse.
Fourth, harmful plastic greenhouses can easily accumulate harmful gases under confined conditions. Harmful gases include ammonia, carbon monoxide, and sulfur dioxide. Ammonia is mainly produced when the organic fertilizer is not decomposed during the decomposition process, and the top-dressing chemical fertilizer also produces a large amount of ammonia. Carbon monoxide and sulphur dioxide are the gases evolved when coal is burned when it is warmed by an open flame in a shed. Therefore, the application of organic fertilizer must be fully decomposed, as little as possible with chemical fertilizers, if not, after the application should be promptly covered with soil. Clear and windless weather should ventilate and vent gases inside the shed. As far as possible in the shed, no open flame heating is used.
V. Diseases and Pests Although the humidity in plastic greenhouses is relatively high, it is easy to cause the occurrence and development of diseases. However, due to the reduction of the spread of wind and rain on the bacteria in the shed, and the temperature and humidity in the shed can be controlled by humans, there is also a favorable side.
1. Anthracnose Camellia, Milan, Evergreen, Clivia, orchids, Chinese rose and other flowers are vulnerable. At the beginning of the disease, 75% chlorothalonil 500 times or 70% thiophanate-methyl 1000 times can be sprayed. If the disease is heavy, it should be sprayed once every 7 to 10 days and sprayed two or three times in a row.
2. Powdery mildew is severely affected by high temperature and humidity, poor ventilation, and poor lighting conditions in the shed, especially the cineraria. Can spray 1:12:40 equal amount of Bordeaux mixture, 25% triadimefon 1000 times.
3. Pests and insect pests are mainly locusts, and they tend to focus on the young shoots, leaves, buds and other parts of flowers. After spraying, it can be sprayed with 5% Ruijinte 800 times, or 2.5% against 1500 times, or 25% Kung Fu with 1200 times. The killing rate can reach above 95%.
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